Table 1.
1. Tissue-specific differentiation antigens that are not tumor specific but may be selected as targets if injury to the normal tissue is tolerable, such as mesothelin in pancreatic cancer and PSA in prostate cancer |
2. Cancer-testes (germ cell) antigens, such as NY-ESO-1 and the MAGE family, which are detected in many tumors, such as myeloma and melanoma, but not in normal adult tissues with the exception of the testes |
3. Overexpressed self-proteins, particularly those associated with driver mutations, such as c-erbB2 in breast cancer |
4. Mutational antigens that are tumor specific, such as BRAFV600E mutations and BCRABL translocations |
5. Viral antigens which are tumor-specific, such as EBV in HD, HPV in cervical cancer, and polyomavirus in Merkel cancer |
6. mHA-specific T cells (allogeneic T cells) |
Abbreviations: PSA, prostate-specific antigen; NY-ESO-1, New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1, also known as cancer/testis antigen 1B; MAGE, melanoma associated antigen; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HD, Hodgkins disease; HPV, human papillomavirus; mHA, minor histocompatibility antigen.