Table 1.

Results of quality assessment of studies on mortality and readmissions for heart failure in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease

N	Study	Country/ethnicity	Design	Statistical methods	Study participation	Study attrition	Measurement of prognostic factors	Assessment of outcomes	Statistical analysis and presentation	Quality score (points)	Quality: +=high ±=moderate −=low
1	Merlos et al9	Spain	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	15	10	15	15	68.5	+
2	Agarwal et al10	USA—ethnicity data in 98 patients (63% whites)	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	7.5	12.5	15	15	63.5	+
3	Agarwal11	USA—96% blacks	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	12	10	10	15	15	62	+
4	Aronson et al12	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	Cox regression	15	15	15	15	12.5	72.5	+
5	Bursi et al13	USA Caucasians and blacks	Prospective population based cohort study	KM, Logistic regression	15	12.5	12.5	12.5	15	65	+
6	Strange et al14	Armadale-Australia	Retrospective population based cohort	KM, Logistic and Cox regression	15	7.5	10	12.5	12.5	58.5	±
7	Mutlak et al15	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Logistic and Cox regression, KM	13.5	15	10	15	15	69	+
8	Tatebe et al 16	Japan	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Logistic and Cox regression	15	10	15	15	15	72.5	+
9	Adhyapak et al8	India	Prospective hospital based cohort	Cox regression	13.5	10	10	12.5	5	53.5	±
10	Stern et al17	USA	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	15	12.5	12.5	12.5	66	+
11	Lee et al18	Korea	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	15	15	15	12.5	15	72.5	+
12	Møller et al19	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Logistic regression	13.5	15	12.5	15	15	71	+
13	Cappola et al20	USA, 35% blacks and 65% whites	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	7.5	12.5	15	15	62.5	+
14	Szwejkowski et al21	UK	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	10	10	15	15	61	+
15	Abramson et al22	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	12	15	10	15	12.5	64.5	+
16	Kjaergaard et al23	Denmark	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	15	12.5	15	15	71	+
17	Shalaby et al24	USA, 95% Caucasians	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	12.5	15	15	15	71	+
18	Damy et al25	UK	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Logistic and Cox regression	15	10	15	15	15	70	+
19	Ristow et al26	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	Logistic regression	13.5	12.5	10	15	5	48.5	±
20	Grigioni et al27	Italy	Retrospective cohort	KM, Logistic regression	13.5	12.5	12.5	15	15	68.5	±
21	Levine et al28	USA, mainly Caucasians (78.3%)	Retrospective cohort	No Logistic regression, no KM analysis	12	10	10	7.5	2.5	42	−
22	Lam et al29	USA	Prospective observational community based cohort	KM, Logistic regression	12	15	10	15	12.5	68	+
23	Khush et al30	Multicentric USA and Canada	Prospective cohort in the ESCAPE trial	KM	15	10	15	15	12.5	68.5	+
24	Ghio et al31	Italy	Prospective cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	12.5	63.5	+
25	Wang et al32	China	Retrospective cohort	KM	12	12.5	12.5	12.5	5	54.5	±
26	Ghio et al33	Italy	Prospective cohort	KM, Cox and Logistic regression	13.5	10	10	15	15	63.5	+
27	Naidoo et al34	South Africa, Blacks	Retrospective cohort	No Logistic regression, no Kaplan Meier analysis	12	7.5	10	5	7.5	42	−
28	Fawzy et al35	Saudi Arabia	Prospective cohort	No Logistic regression, no Kaplan Meier	12	10	12.5	15	7.5	57	±
29	Roseli et al36	USA	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	10	10	15	12.5	63.5	±
30	Melby et al37	USA	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	12.5	10	15	15	66	+
31	Le Tourneauet al 38	France, mainly Caucasians	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	10	10	15	15	63.5	+
32	Parker et al7	USA	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	12	15	12.5	15	15	71	+
33	Kainuma et al39	Japan, Asians	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	10.5	10	12.5	12.5	10	55.5	±
34	Barbieri et al40	Multicentric (Europe and USA)	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	15	12.5	15	15	71	+
35	Manners et al41	United Kingdom	Retrospective hospital based cohort	No regression analysis, no KM estimation	10.5	7.5	5	5	2.5	30.5	−
36	Malouf et al42	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox and Logistic regression	10.5	10	10	15	12.5	58	+
37	Khandhar et al43	USA	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	13.5	10	10	15	12.5	61	±
38	Zuern et al44	Germany	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox regression	15	7.5	10	15	15	62.5	+
39	Ben-Dor et al45	USA	Prospective hospital based cohort	KM, Logistic regression	15	10	10	15	15	68	+
40	Yang et al46	USA	Retrospective hospital based cohort	KM, Cox and logistic regression	15	7.5	15	12.5	15	65	+
41	Nozohoor et al47	Sweden	Retrospective cohort	KM, Cox and Logistic regression	13.5	10	10	15	12.5	61	+
42	Ward and Hancock48	UK	Retrospective cohort	No KM, no Logistic or Cox regression	12	5	2.5	7.5	2.5	29.5	−
43	Ghoreishi et al49	USA	Retrospective cohort	KM, Cox and Logistic regression	15	10	10	10	15	60	+
44	Cam et al50	USA	Retrospective cohort	KM, Cox and Logistic regression	13.5	15	10	10	12.5	61	+
45	Pai et al51	USA	Retrospective cohort	KM, Cox and Logistic regression	15	10	10	10	15	60	+

KM, Kaplan Meier.