| UVB-induced inflammation in HR-1 hairless mice |
γTE-rich mixture (2.3 mg/d), oral in corn oil |
γTE attenuated UVB-induced skin damage and increased thickness as well as up-regulation of COX-2 [122]. |
| Gamma irradiation in CD2F1 mice |
δTE (400 mg/kg bw) subcutaneously injected to mice 24h before and 6h after total body irradiation at 5 or 8.75 Gy at 0.6Gy/min. |
δTE not only protected irradiation-induced death, but also promoted cell survival and regeneration of hematopoietic microfoci, stem and progenitor cells in irradiated mouse bone marrow [124]. |
| Pancreatitis induced by repeated arginine injection in male Wistar rats |
Tocotrienol-rich fraction from palm oil (TRF) (100mg/kg bw) by gavage 1wk before and day 5 after arginine administration |
TRF blunted arginine-induced pancreatic atrophy, activation of stellate cell, protease and Smad 3, and increased hydroxyproline and TGF-β1 [126]. |
| PiCl-induced allergic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice |
Oral γTE-rich tocotrienols containing 89.9% γTE, 1 mg per mouse in corn oil |
Tocotrienols suppressed PiCl-induced allergic dermatitis and serum histamine secretion [125]. |
| Tetanus-toxoid (TT) immunezation in Balb/c mice |
Oral tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), or αT or δTE, 1 mg daily for two weeks before TT vaccination |
TRF and δTE treatment led to increase of anti-TT antibody and promoted Th1 cytokines like IFN-γ and IL-4 [129] |
| Pancreatic cancer cells implanted in nude mice |
Oral γTE (400 mg/kg bw daily) with or w/o gemcitabine (25mg/kg) in MIA PaCa-2 cells orthotopically implanted model |
γTE inhibited tumor growth and enhanced antitumor effects of gemcitabine probably via suppression of NF-κB [130] and/or STAT3 [98]. |
|
Oral δTE (200 mg/kg bw) or with gemcitabine in AsPc-1 implanted to both flanks of nude mice |
δTE was stronger than other tocotrienols in suppression of pancreatic tumor growth and inhibited NF-κB activation, and augmented anticancer effects of gemcitabine [131]. |
