Table 1.
Sociodemographic Description of Study Cohort by Quartile of Serum Free Cholesterol Concentrations for Male and Female Partners, LIFE Study, 2005–2009
| Characteristics, n, % | Females Free Cholesterol, mg/dL |
Males Free Cholesterol mg/dL |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Q1, <39 | Q2, 39–45 | Q3, 46–51 | Q4, >51 | P Value | Overall | Q1, <42 | Q2, 42–49 | Q3, 49–57 | Q4, >57 | P Value | |
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 30.0 (4.1) | 29.6 (3.9) | 29.2 (3.8) | 29.7 (4.2) | 31.2 (4.3) | .0005 | 31.8 (4.9) | 30.8 (4.6) | 31 (4.5) | 32.1 (5.1) | 33.1 (5.1) | .0008 |
| Age at menarche, y, mean (SD) | 12.6 (1.6) | 12.5 (1.4) | 12.5 (1.6) | 12.7 (1.6) | 12.5 (1.6) | .79 | N/A | |||||
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.6 (7.3) | 25.3 (5.6) | 26.8 (6.7) | 28 (8.1) | 29.9 (7.7) | <.0001 | 29.8 (5.6) | 28.3 (5.4) | 29.9 (6.2) | 29.9 (5.3) | 30.9 (5.1) | .004 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 385 (79) | 79 (77) | 105 (78) | 96 (79) | 105 (81) | .71 | 384 (78) | 99 (84) | 84 (74) | 107 (83) | 94 (72) | .07 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 24 (5) | 3 (3) | 10 (7) | 8 (7) | 3 (2) | 23 (5) | 5 (4) | 8 (7) | 3 (2) | 7 (5) | ||
| Hispanic | 47 (10) | 12 (12) | 11 (8) | 11 (9) | 13 (10) | 45 (9) | 3 (3) | 13 (11) | 10 (8) | 19 (15) | ||
| Other | 33 (7) | 8 (8) | 9 (7) | 7 (6) | 9 (7) | 39 (8) | 11 (9) | 9 (8) | 9 (7) | 10 (8) | ||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Less than high school/equivalent | 30 (6) | 6 (6) | 9 (7) | 10 (8) | 5 (4) | .08 | 47 (10) | 9 (8) | 7 (6) | 14 (11) | 17 (13) | .05 |
| Some college or technical school | 92 (19) | 9 (9) | 30 (22) | 23 (19) | 30 (23) | 141 (29) | 24 (20) | 33 (29) | 46 (36) | 38 (29) | ||
| College graduate or higher | 367 (75) | 87 (85) | 96 (71) | 89 (73) | 95 (73) | 303 (62) | 85 (72) | 74 (65) | 69 (53) | 75 (58) | ||
| Household income, $ | ||||||||||||
| <29 999 | 27 (6) | 4 (4) | 7 (5) | 9 (7) | 7 (5) | .46 | 22 (4) | 7 (6) | 4 (4) | 4 (3) | 7 (5) | .56 |
| 30 000 to 49 999 | 64 (13) | 12 (12) | 18 (13) | 16 (13) | 18 (14) | 53 (11) | 13 (11) | 12 (11) | 16 (12) | 12 (9) | ||
| 50 000 to 69 999 | 67 (14) | 11 (11) | 27 (20) | 12 (10) | 17 (13) | 90 (18) | 15 (13) | 18 (16) | 27 (21) | 30 (23) | ||
| ≥70 000 | 331 (68) | 75 (74) | 83 (61) | 85 (70) | 88 (68) | 326 (66) | 83 (70) | 80 (70) | 82 (64) | 81 (62) | ||
| Health insurance | 446 (92) | 95 (93) | 124 (93) | 110 (90) | 117 (91) | .85 | 446 (91) | 109 (92) | 102 (90) | 118 (92) | 117 (91) | .92 |
| Cotinine, ng/mL | ||||||||||||
| No exposure (0, 9.99) | 426 (88) | 95 (94) | 120 (90) | 103 (86) | 108 (83) | .20 | 384 (78) | 100 (85) | 91 (80) | 104 (81) | 89 (68) | .08 |
| Passive smoking (10, 99.99) | 24 (5) | 3 (3) | 5 (4) | 8 (7) | 8 (6) | 22 (4) | 4 (3) | 7 (6) | 4 (3) | 7 (5) | ||
| Active smoking (100, 299.99) | 27 (6) | 3 (3) | 8 (6) | 6 (5) | 10 (8) | 44 (9) | 8 (7) | 6 (5) | 12 (9) | 18 (14) | ||
| Heavy smoking (300, 595.31) | 7 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) | 4 (3) | 40 (8) | 5 (4) | 10 (9) | 9 (7) | 16 (12) | ||
| Baseline alcohol | ||||||||||||
| Less than once per month | 52 (14) | 10 (13) | 16 (15) | 13 (15) | 13 (13) | .78 | 29 (7) | 7 (7) | 5 (5) | 5 (5) | 12 (11) | .49 |
| Once per month | 72 (20) | 14 (18) | 23 (22) | 16 (18) | 19 (20) | 39 (9) | 10 (10) | 10 (10) | 10 (9) | 9 (8) | ||
| 2–3 d/mo | 88 (24) | 18 (24) | 22 (21) | 22 (25) | 26 (27) | 80 (19) | 17 (17) | 19 (19) | 23 (21) | 21 (19) | ||
| Once a week | 69 (19) | 16 (21) | 19 (18) | 12 (14) | 22 (23) | 104 (25) | 21 (21) | 26 (27) | 36 (33) | 21 (19) | ||
| 2–3 times per week | 74 (20) | 15 (20) | 20 (19) | 23 (26) | 16 (16) | 127 (30) | 39 (38) | 26 (27) | 28 (25) | 34 (31) | ||
| 4–6 times per week | 7 (2) | 3 (4) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 28 (7) | 4 (4) | 8 (8) | 7 (6) | 9 (8) | ||
| Every day | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (2) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 12 (3) | 4 (4) | 4 (4) | 1 (1) | 3 (3) | ||
| Vigorous exercise program during the last 12 mo | 195 (40) | 41 (40) | 51 (38) | 61 (50) | 42 (32) | .04 | 207 (42) | 57 (48) | 51 (45) | 56 (43) | 43 (33) | .09 |
| Lipid-lowering drugs | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | N/A | 18 (4) | 7 (6) | 5 (4) | 5 (4) | 1 (1) | .17 |
| Parity (number of live births) | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 257 (53) | 49 (49) | 71 (53) | 68 (56) | 69 (53) | .77 | ||||||
| 1 | 158 (33) | 35 (35) | 40 (30) | 40 (33) | 43 (33) | |||||||
| 2+ | 71 (15) | 17 (17) | 23 (17) | 13 (11) | 18 (14) | |||||||
| Menstrual regularity | ||||||||||||
| Regular | 408 (83) | 79 (77) | 114 (84) | 104 (85) | 111 (85) | .02 | ||||||
| Not regular | 37 (8) | 16 (16) | 10 (7) | 7 (6) | 4 (3) | |||||||
| Varies | 44 (9) | 7 (7) | 11 (8) | 11 (9) | 15 (12) | |||||||
Abbreviations: N/A, not available; Q, quartile.