Table 1.
Characteristics of All Subjects Grouped by Menarcheal and Obesity Statuses
| Premenarcheal |
Postmenarcheal |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonobese (n = 15) | Obese (n = 12) | Nonobese (n = 36) | Obese (n = 27) | |
| Age, y | 11.4 ± 2.1 (12.1) | 11.5 ± 1.6 (11.5) | 14.7 ± 1.8 (14.4) | 15.4 ± 1.5 (15.8) |
| Gynecological age, y | Not applicable | Not applicable | 2.3 ± 1.5 (2) | 2.8 ± 1.8 (3) |
| Tanner stage | 2.7 ± 1.4 (2) | 3.0 ± 1.5 (3) | 4.6 ± 0.6 (5) | 4.9 ± 0.3 (5) |
| BMI z-score | 0.02 ± 1.0 (0.16) | 2.36 ± 0.3 (2.37)a | 0.72 ± 0.7 (0.98) | 2.25 ± 0.3 (2.3)a |
| Mean LH, IU/L | 3.0 ± 3.2 (2.5) | 2.4 ± 1.9 (2.8) | 6.1 ± 3.3 (5.1) | 6.2 ± 0.6 (5.9) |
| Mean FSH, IU/L | 3.0 ± 1.7 (3.0) | 2.5 ± 1.4 (2.5) | 4.4 ± 1.6 (4.0) | 4.0 ± 1.1 (3.8) |
| Total T, ng/dL | 12.6 ± 10.4 (6.9) | 37.7 ± 33.9 (30.4) | 22.0 ± 14.8 (17.9) | 46.3 ± 24.6 (40.7)a |
| SHBG, nmol/L | 57.3 ± 18.4 (51.4) | 17.9 ± 10.6 (14.4)a | 34.4 ± 15.0 (33.9) | 15.6 ± 7.2 (13.1)a |
| Free T, pg/mL | 1.8 ± 2.0 (0.9) | 11.2 ± 11.4 (7.6) | 4.1 ± 3.1 (2.9) | 12.6 ± 7.1 (12.3)a |
| Estradiol, pg/mL | 39.2 ± 14.3 (40.7) | 35.5 ± 20.6 (30.0) | 58.9 ± 28.9 (55.7) | 56.5 ± 23.9 (56.6) |
| Progesterone, ng/mL | 0.3 ± 0.1 (0.3) | 0.5 ± 0.3 (0.3) | 0.5 ± 0.2 (0.4) | 0.5 ± 0.2 (0.5) |
| DHEAS, μg/dL | 58.2 ± 57.9 (41.3) | 83.4 ± 56.1 (64.6) | 148.2 ± 88.2 (132.5) | 142.1 ± 72.6 (139.0) |
| Insulin, μIU/mL | 11.6 ± 9.4 (10.8) | 29.2 ± 17.1 (25.6)a | 17.1 ± 9.1 (16.3) | 27.6 ± 13.8 (22.8)a |
| IGF-I, ng/mL | 334 ± 114 (388) | 320 ± 126 (317) | 373 ± 105 (363) | 286 ± 145 (306) |
Abbreviations: DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. Results are shown as mean ± SD (median). Each pairwise comparison (obese vs nonobese, HA obese vs non-HA obese) within pre- and postmenarcheal groups was performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, a nonparametric test based on ranks of observations and requiring no assumptions about the underlying distribution of data. The method of normal approximation was used for pairwise comparisons involving at least 10 observations per group. To convert conventional units to SI units: total T (nanograms per deciliter) × 0.03467 (nanomoles per liter); free T (picograms per milliliter) × 3.467 (picomoles per liter); estradiol (picograms per milliliter) × 3.671 (picomoles per liter); progesterone (nanograms per milliliter) × 3.18 (picomoles per liter); DHEAS (micrograms per deciliter) × 27.211 (nanomoles per liter); insulin (microunits per milliliter) × 7.175 (picomoles per liter); IGF-I (nanograms per milliliter) × 0.1307 (nanomoles per liter).
P < .05 after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.