Table 2. HRs (95%CIs) of age at menopause (years) with total and cause-specific mortality, Shanghai Women's Health Study.
| Cause of death | Quintiles of age at menopause (years) | Ptrend c | |||||
| <46.64 | 46.64–48.79 | 48.80–50.15a | 50.16–52.03 | ≥52.04 | |||
| (N = 6,389) | (N = 6,375) | (N = 6,363) | (N = 6,425) | (N = 6,403) | |||
| All causes | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 675 | 629 | 606 | 652 | 596 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.17(1.05,1.31) | 1.04(0.93,1.17) | 1.00 | 1.08(0.97,1.21) | 0.93(0.83,1.04) | <0.001 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.16(1.04,1.29) | 1.03(0.92,1.15) | 1.00 | 1.11(0.99,1.24) | 0.99(0.88,1.11) | 0.02 | |
| All CVD | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 215 | 201 | 219 | 172 | 194 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.03(0.85,1.24) | 0.92(0.76,1.11) | 1.00 | 0.80(0.65,0.98) | 0.84(0.69,1.02) | 0.02 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.01(0.83,1.22) | 0.90(0.74,1.09) | 1.00 | 0.82(0.67,1.00) | 0.89(0.73,1.08) | 0.15 | |
| Ischemic heart disease | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 52 | 47 | 43 | 42 | 52 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.27(0.85,1.90) | 1.10(0.72,1.66) | 1.00 | 1.00(0.65,1.52) | 1.15(0.76,1.72) | 0.50 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.24(0.83,1.86) | 1.07(0.71,1.62) | 1.00 | 1.02(0.66,1.56) | 1.23(0.82,1.84) | 0.84 | |
| Stroke | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 110 | 104 | 133 | 98 | 108 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 0.88(0.68,1.13) | 0.79(0.61,1.02) | 1.00 | 0.75(0.58,0.97) | 0.77(0.60,1.00) | 0.37 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 0.86(0.66,1.11) | 0.77(0.60,1.00) | 1.00 | 0.76(0.59,0.99) | 0.81(0.63,1.04) | 0.71 | |
| Diabetes | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 53 | 54 | 51 | 43 | 45 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.08(0.74,1.59) | 1.06(0.72,1.55) | 1.00 | 0.86(0.57,1.29) | 0.84(0.56,1.25) | 0.13 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.06(0.72,1.56) | 1.02(0.70,1.50) | 1.00 | 0.90(0.60,1.36) | 0.95(0.63,1.42) | 0.47 | |
| All cancers | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 273 | 247 | 227 | 300 | 274 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.27(1.07,1.52) | 1.10(0.92,1.32) | 1.00 | 1.31(1.11,1.56) | 1.14(0.95,1.36) | 0.52 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.27(1.06,1.51) | 1.09(0.91,1.31) | 1.00 | 1.34(1.13,1.60) | 1.18(0.99,1.41) | 0.88 | |
| Gynecological cancers | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 25 | 30 | 39 | 39 | 41 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 0.67(0.41,1.11) | 0.77(0.48,1.24) | 1.00 | 0.99(0.64,1.55) | 1.02(0.66,1.58) | 0.07 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 0.69(0.42,1.15) | 0.78(0.48,1.25) | 1.00 | 1.03(0.66,1.61) | 1.07(0.68,1.67) | 0.05 | |
| Digestive system cancers | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 145 | 126 | 107 | 144 | 133 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.43(1.12,1.84) | 1.19(0.92,1.54) | 1.00 | 1.34(1.05,1.73) | 1.17(0.91,1.52) | 0.18 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.43(1.11,1.84) | 1.18(0.91,1.53) | 1.00 | 1.38(1.07,1.77) | 1.21(0.94,1.57) | 0.31 | |
| Respiratory system cancers | |||||||
| Number of deaths | 64 | 51 | 45 | 59 | 52 | ||
| Age-adjusted hazard ratio | 1.51(1.03,2.22) | 1.15(0.77,1.71) | 1.00 | 1.32(0.89,1.94) | 1.09(0.73,1.62) | 0.13 | |
| Multivariate hazard ratiob | 1.49(1.01,2.18) | 1.14(0.76,1.70) | 1.00 | 1.33(0.90,1.96) | 1.12(0.75,1.67) | 0.20 | |
Abbreviation: HR: hazard ratio; CIs: confidence intervals.
aReference category.
bAdjusted for age at study enrollment, BMI, WHR, education, occupation, income, regular exercise (met/hour/year), current smoking (yes/no), current alcohol consumption (yes/no), marital status, age at menarche, and number of live births.
c Ptrend for age at menopause (categorical).