Table 2. Patient characteristics: median values and univariate analyses (t, U, χ2, and Fisher's exact tests).
| No. of patients (%) | P value | |||
| Factor | Median | ACF (n = 60) | NS (n = 60) | (log-rank) |
| Age (years) | 79 | 77.4±10.9 | 76.1±12.0 | .53 |
| Age (≥80 years) | 28 (47%) | 25 (42%) | .092 | |
| Gender (female) | 21 (35%) | 23 (38%) | .34 | |
| On admission | ||||
| GCS 6/9/11/12/13/14/15 | 14 | 0/2/1/3/4/28/22 | 1/0/0/3/9/24/23 | .64 (<14) |
| mRS 0/1/2/3/4/5 | 3 | 0/11/12/11/18/8 | 0/11/11/15/17/6 | ≥.99 (≥3) |
| Dysarthria | 16 (27%) | 12 (20%) | .51 | |
| Hemiparesis | 57 (95%) | 53 (88%) | .32 | |
| Headache | 17 (28%) | 23 (38%) | .33 | |
| Past history | ||||
| Cerebrovascular accident | 14 (23%) | 9 (15%) | .35 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (15%) | 14 (23%) | .35 | |
| Hypertension | 31 (52%) | 32 (53%) | ≥.99 | |
| Heavy drinking | 14 (23%) | 9 (15%) | .35 | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 7 (12%) | 5 (8%) | .76 | |
| Tumor | 7 (12%) | 6 (10%) | ≥.99 | |
| Drug history (anticoagulant) | 7 (12%) | 6 (10%) | ≥.99 | |
| Drug history (antiplatelet) | 21 (35%) | 13 (22%) | .16 | |
| CT findings | ||||
| Laterality (left) | 29 (48%) | 32 (53%) | .72 | |
| Hyper/Iso/Hypo/Layer/Grad/Sep/Trab | 12/9/5/8/5/7/14 | 12/5/7/8/6/8/14 | .79–≥.99 | |
| Hematoma cavity volume (mL) | 137 | 147±49 | 149±49 | .76 |
| Preoperative laboratory data | ||||
| Leukocytes, ×109/L | 6.60 | 7.21±2.77 | 7.01±2.68 | .69 |
| Thrombocytes, ×109/L | 220 | 250±85 | 209±103 | .02 |
| PT-INR | 1.00 | 1.02±0.096 | 1.00±0.095 | .11 |
| Complications | ||||
| Transient postoperative delirium | 12 (20%) | 11 (18%) | ≥.99 | |
| Urinary tract infection | 3 (5%) | 1 (2%) | .62 | |
| Postoperative data | ||||
| GCS (10/12/13/14/15) | 15 | 0/1/1/16/42 | 1/1/0/18/40 | .84 (<14) |
| mRS 0/1/2/3/4/5 | 1 | 30/10/4/7/9 | 23/15/5/8/8/1 | ≥.99 (≥3) |
| Cavity volume (mL) on POD 1 | 63.9 | 71±32 | 69±40 | .83 |
| Cavity volume (mL) on POD 7 | 62.8 | 59±37 | 74±40 | .028 |
| Hospital stay (days) | 8 | 9.5±4.0 | 10.5±7.2 | .37 |
Values are the mean ± SD when appropriate. Significant values are featured with bold font. Three PT-INR values from the NS group (1 recurrent patient) and 2 PT-INR values from the ACF group were missing and were excluded from analysis. Abbreviations: ACF: Artificial cerebrospinal fluid, NS: Normal saline, GCS: Glasgow Coma Score, mRS: Modified Rankin scale, CT: Computed tomography, Hyper: Hyperdense, Iso: Isodense, Hypo: Hypodense, Layer: Layered, Grad: Gradation, Sep: Separated, Trab: Trabecular, PT-INR: International normalized ratio of prothrombin time, POD: Postoperative day.