Table 3. Factors related to recurrence: univariate analyses (t, U, χ2, and Fisher's exact tests) and log-rank tests.
| No. of patients (%) | P value | P value | ||
| Factor | No rec (n = 109) | Rec (n = 11) | (univariate) | (log-rank) |
| Age (years) | 76.3±11.7 | 75.1±6.1 | .025 | .044 (≥80 y) |
| Gender (female) | 38 (35%) | 6 (55%) | .34 | .20 |
| On admission | ||||
| GCS 6/9/11/12/13/14/15 | 1/2/1/6/9/45/45 | 0/0/0/0/4/7/0 | .26 (<14) | .13 (<14) |
| mRS 0/1/2/3/4/5 | 0/21/21/25/29/13 | 0/1/2/1/6/1 | .20 (≥3) | .48 (≥3) |
| Dysarthria | 23 (21%) | 5 (46%) | .13 | .067 |
| Hemiparesis | 99 (91%) | 11 (100%) | .63 | .31 |
| Headache | 38 (35%) | 2 (18%) | .33 | .26 |
| Past history | ||||
| Cerebrovascular accident | 19 (17%) | 4 (36%) | .22 | .12 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 21 (19%) | 2 (18%) | ≥.99 | .93 |
| Hypertension | 56 (51%) | 7 (64%) | .65 | .44 |
| Heavy drinking | 21 (19%) | 2 (18%) | ≥.99 | .91 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 12 (11%) | 0 (0%) | .60 | .26 |
| Tumor | 12 (11%) | 1 (9.1%) | ≥.99 | .84 |
| Drug history (anticoagulant) | 12 (11%) | 1 (9.1%) | ≥.99 | .84 |
| Drug history (antiplatelet) | 31 (28%) | 3 (27%) | ≥.99 | .93 |
| CT findings | ||||
| Laterality (left) | 52 (48%) | 9 (82%) | .067 | .03 |
| Hyper/Iso/Hypo/Lay/Grad/Sep/Trab | 23/15/9/15/10/13/24 | 1/1/1/1/1/2/4 | .28–≥.99 | .26–.96 |
| Hematoma cavity volume (mL) | 147±48 | 158±53 | .45 | .36 |
| Preoperative laboratory data | ||||
| Leukocytes (×109/L) | 7.2±2.8 | 6.4±2.2 | .39 | .33 (>6.6) |
| Thrombocytes (×109/L) | 234±97 | 186±80 | .12 | .037 (≤22.0) |
| PT-INR | 1.01±0.09 | 1.03±0.12 | .53 | .80 (≥1.00) |
| Intraoperative irrigation solution | ||||
| NS versus ACF | 58 (53%) | 2 (18%) | .053 | .027 |
| Complications | ||||
| Transient postoperative delirium | 19 (17%) | 4 (36%) | .22 | .10 |
| Urinary tract infection | 4 (3.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | ≥.99 | .53 |
| Postoperative data | ||||
| GCS on POD 5, 10/12/13/14/15 | 1/1/1/18/78 | 0/1/0/6/4 | ≥.99 (<14) | .19 (<14) |
| mRS on POD 5, 0/1/2/3/4/5 | 51/21/7/14/15/1 | 2/4/2/1/2/0 | ≥.99 (≥3) | .94 (≥3) |
| Cavity volume (mL) on POD 1 | 69±36 | 79±32 | .41 | .74 (≥64) |
| Cavity volume (mL) on POD 7 | 63±38 | 97±31 | .005 | .044 (≥63) |
| Hospital stay (days) | 9.8±5.3 | 11.6±10.2 | .57 | .81 |
Values are the mean ± SD when appropriate. Significant values are featured with bold font. Four PT-INR values from the non-recurrent group and 1 PT-INR value from the recurrent group were missing and were excluded from analysis. Abbreviations: Rec: Recurrence, GCS: Glasgow Coma Score, mRS: Modified Rankin scale, CT: Computed tomography, Hyper: Hyperdense, Iso: Isodense, Hypo: Hypodense, Lay: Layered, Grad: Gradation, Sep: Separated, Trab: Trabecular, PT-INR: International normalized ratio of prothrombin time, NS: Normal saline, ACF: Artificial cerebrospinal fluid, POD: Postoperative day.