Table 1. Gender Difference in the Entrepreneurship-Prone Big Five Profile Across 51 Cultures.

Culture	N (males/females)	Direction of gender differences(M = Males score higher; F = Females score higher)	Significance of genderdifference	Effect size of genderdifference (d)
Argentina	104/100	F	ns	−0.14
Australia	105/101	M	ns	0.25
Austria	80/78	M	ns	0.15
Belgium	127/120	M	ns	0.23
Botswana	95/91	M	ns	0.13
Brazil	306/291	M	p<.05	0.18
Burkina Faso	102/105	M	p<.001	0.54
Canada	69/98	F	ns	−0.03
Chile	94/100	F	ns	−0.05
China	91/86	M	p<.05	0.31
Croatia	97/94	M	ns	0.01
Czech	170/230	F	ns	−0.04
Denmark	72/81	M	ns	0.21
England	95/99	M	p<.01	0.42
Estonia	160/138	M	ns	0.03
Ethiopia	99/98	M	ns	0.14
France	135/139	M	ns	0.05
Germany	156/437	M	ns	0.12
Hong Kong	105/102	M	p<.001	0.44
Iceland	99/100	M	ns	0.23
India	93/92	M	ns	0.25
Indonesia	97/99	M	p<.05	0.36
Iran	69/68	M	ns	0.02
Italy	96/99	M	ns	0.08
Japan	96/95	M	ns	0.23
Kuwait	218/250	M	p<.001	0.34
Lebanon	82/118	F	ns	−0.03
Malaysia	127/162	M	ns	0.22
Malta	101/101	M	p<.01	0.37
Mexico	93/80	M	ns	0.14
Morocco	98/73	F	ns	−0.06
N. Ireland	52/54	F	ns	−0.00
New Zealand	101/99	M	ns	0.06
Nigeria	90/94	F	ns	−0.04
Peru	67/87	M	p<.05	0.39
Philippines	99/98	M	ns	0.27
Poland	98/99	F	ns	−0.04
Portugal	101/97	M	ns	0.07
Puerto Rico	85/75	M	ns	0.01
Russia	154/166	F	ns	−0.14
S. Korea	101/95	F	ns	−0.08
Serbia	101/99	M	ns	0.18
Slovak	98/100	F	ns	−0.06
Slovenia	99/110	F	ns	−0.18
Spain	100/100	F	ns	−0.06
Swiss-French	128/137	M	p<.05	0.29
Swiss-German	98/116	M	ns	0.17
Thailand	106/103	M	ns	0.00
Turkey	104/104	M	ns	0.08
Uganda	83/83	M	ns	0.29
USA	456/463	M	ns	0.02