Table 2.
Antiproliferative activity [IC50 values (µg/mL)]a and selectivity index of isolated compounds against selected human cancer cell lines and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
| Compounds |
IC50 (µg/mL) SIb |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCF-7 | Ca Ski | PC-3 | HT-29 | HUVEC | |
| labda-8(17), 12 diene-15, 16 dial (1) | 16.3 ± 0.2 (2.8) | 14.5 ± 0.1 (3.1) | 26.3 ± 2.4 (1.7) | 21.5 ± 3.1 (2.1) | 45.3 ± 1.9 |
| dehydrocurdione (2) | 33.0 ± 1.1 (0.7) | 21.7 ± 1.1 (1.1) | 19.1 ± 2.8 (1.3) | 22.7 ± 2.4 (1.1) | 24.0 ± 2.1 |
| curcumenone (3) | 8.3 ± 1.0 (6.0) | >100.0 (0.5) | 39.8 ± 4.2 (1.3) | 43.3 ± 6.2 (1.2) | 50.0 ± 8.6 |
| comosone II (4) | >100.0 | 76.0 ± 1.2 | na | na | na |
| curcumenol (5) | 9.3 ± 0.3 (2.8) | 18.5 ± 1.0 (1.4) | 17.3 ± 1.2 (1.5) | 24.8 ± 2.7 (1.0) | 25.9 ± 1.4 |
| procurcumenol (6) | 16.1 ± 2.2 (1.0) | 62.4 ± 0.3 (0.3) | 13.3 ± 1.7 (1.2) | 15.5 ± 2.3 (1.1) | 16.3 ± 1.0 |
| germacrone (7) | 59.1 ± 2.9 (1.2) | 39.3 ± 1.2 (1.9) | 55.2 ± 4.9 (1.3) | 42.9 ± 4.1 (1.7) | 73.7 ± 0.3 |
| zerumbone epoxide (8) | 24.1 ± 0.1 (0.6) | 34.5 ± 0.6 (0.4) | 10.8 ± 1.9 (1.3) | 13.7 ± 2.7 (1.0) | 14.2 ± 1.1 |
| zederone (9) | >100.0 (0.4) | >100.0 (0.4) | 27.0 ± 1.9 (1.6) | 19.1 ± 2.5 (2.2) | 42.1 ± 2.7 |
| second monoclinic curcumenol (10) | >100.0 (0.7) | >100.0 (0.7) | na | na | 71.7 ± 6.1 |
| furanodiene (11) | 36.5 ± 2.6 (1.1) | na | 39.5 ± 4.5 (1.0) | 47.2 ± 4.4 (0.9) | 40.9 ± 2.6 |
| germacrone-4, 5-epoxide (12) | 37.2 ± 4.0 (1.3) | na | 43.9 ± 7.2 (1.1) | 39.6 ± 4.6 (1.2) | 48.4 ± 4.7 |
| calcaratarin A (13) | 62.5 ± 4.8 (0.8) | na | 41.7 ± 3.4 (1.1) | 48.3 ± 5.1 (1.0) | 47.3 ± 4.2 |
| isoprocurcumenol (14) | 58.8 ± 4.2 (0.8) | na | 37.4 ± 4.5 (1.2) | 51.6 ± 3.9 (0.9) | 45.1 ± 3.0 |
| germacrone-1, 10-epoxide (15) | 61.2 ± 5.8 (0.9) | na | 53.2 ± 4.9 (1.0) | 72.8 ± 8.3 (0.8) | 55.5 ± 1.6 |
| zerumin A (16) | 22.3 ± 1.1 (1.2) | na | 21.9 ± 1.6 (1.2) | 17.4 ± 2.0 (1.5) | 25.8 ± 1.9 |
| curcumanolide A (17) | 29.8 ± 3.1 (0.7) | na | 18.8 ± 2.4 (1.2) | 21.3 ± 3.2 (1.0) | 21.7 ± 7.0 |
| curcuzedoalide (18) | 49.8 ± 3.6 (0.9) | na | 62.1 ± 8.1 (0.7) | 58.2 ± 3.5 (0.8) | 45.3 ± 7.8 |
| gweicurculactone (19) | 31.2 ± 3.2 (2.3) | na | 38.3 ± 2.2 (1.9) | 35.7 ± 5.8 | 71.7 ± 6.1 (2.0) |
| doxorubicin∗ | 0.1 ± 0.0 (4.0) | 0.2 ± 1.0 (2.0) | na | na | 1.4 ± 0.0 |
aData are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of three replicates.
bSI is the selectivity index. SI ≥3.0 denotes high selectivity towards cancerous cells.
∗na-not available.