Table 2. Factor analysis of the Japanese version Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

Items of the EPDS	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3
1. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things.	−.034	1.055	−.075
2. I have looked forward with enjoyment to things.	.026	.599	.135
3. I have blamed myself unnecessarily when things went wrong.	.684	.067	.026
4. I have been anxious or worried for no good reason.	.755	.023	−.072
5. I have felt scared or panicky for not very good reason.	.803	−.078	−.044
6. Things have been getting on top of me.	.238	.140	.141
7. I have been so unhappy that I have had difficulty sleeping.	.011	.028	.741
8. I have felt sad or miserable.	.352	.065	.497
9. I have been so unhappy that I have been crying.	−.112	.000	.824
10. The thought of harming myself has occurred to me.	.255	−.086	.267

(N = 690, maximum-likelihood estimation, promax rotation).