Table 5.
Multivariate analysis including LA volume measurements and CHADS 2 /CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc parameters for prediction of TEE surrogate markers of stroke
| TEE markers of stroke | Independent predictors | OR | CI 95% | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
LA Volumes + CHADS
2
parameters | ||||
|
LAA thrombus |
• Indexed LA 2P Area-Length Volume |
1.026 |
1.009 – 1.043 |
0.003 |
| |
• Previous stroke/TIA |
4.080 |
1.647 – 10.102 |
0.002 |
|
LAA LFV |
• Indexed LA 1P Area-Length Volume |
1.022 |
1.010 – 1.034 |
<0.001 |
|
Dense SEC |
• Indexed LA 2P Area-Length Volume |
1.013 |
0.999-1.028 |
0.07 |
| • Congestive heart failure |
1.968 |
1.024 – 3.783 |
0.04 |
|
| |
• Previous stroke/TIA |
2.458 |
1.093 – 5.530 |
0.03 |
|
LA ABN |
• Indexed LA 2P Area-Length Volume |
1.021 |
1.006 – 1.035 |
0.005 |
| |
• Congestive heart failure |
2.065 |
1.134 – 3.758 |
0.02 |
|
LA Volumes + CHA
2
DS
2
-VASc parameters | ||||
|
LAA thrombus |
• Indexed LA 2P Area-Length Volume |
1.028 |
1.010 – 1.046 |
0.002 |
| |
• Previous stroke/TIA |
4.071 |
1.568 – 10.569 |
0.004 |
|
LAA LFV |
• Indexed LA 1P Area-Length Volume |
1.023 |
1.180 – 1.037 |
<0.001 |
|
Dense SEC |
• Previous stroke/TIA |
2.675 |
1.158 – 6.180 |
0.02 |
| |
• Congestive heart failure |
2.308 |
1.180 – 4.514 |
0.02 |
| LA ABN | • Indexed LA 2P Area-Length Volume |
1.019 |
1.005 – 1.034 |
0.009 |
| • Congestive heart failure | 2.133 | 1.147 – 3.966 | 0.02 | |
Legend: CI - confidence interval; LA – left atrial; LAA – left atrial appendage; LA ABN – left atrial abnormality; LFV – low flow velocities; OR – odds ratio; p – significance level; SEC – spontaneous echocardiographic contrast; TEE – transesophageal echocardiography; TIA – transient ischemic attack; vel – velocities; 1P – single-plane; 2P – biplane.