Simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of p21 by UC2288 and telomerase prevents tumor growth in mice. (A) Chemical structure of UC2288. (B) Immunoblot of p21 expression in HCT116 cells treated with DMSO or with indicated concentrations of UC2288 for 24 h. (C) Relative cell viability measured by trypan blue exclusion assay of HCT116 cells treated with imetelstat, UC2288 (2.5 μM), or both. (D) % Annexin V–FITC–positive HCT116 cells treated with imetelstat and UC2288 was measured by FACS analysis. (E) Immunoblot for indicated proteins in HCT116 cells following treatment with U2288, imetelstat, or both. (F) Relative cell viability measured by trypan blue exclusion assay of imetelstat-treated HCT116 cells transfected with control or p21 expression vectors and then treated with UC2288. (G) % Annexin V–FITC–positive cells was measured by FACS analysis of imetelstat-treated HCT116 cells transfected with control or p21 expression vectors and then treated with UC2288. (H) Cleaved caspase 3 was measured by immunoblot in imetelstat-treated HCT116 cells transfected with control or p21 expression vectors and then treated with UC2288. (I) Average tumor volumes of HCT116 xenograft from mice treated with vehicle, UC2288 alone, imetelstat alone, or both drugs. **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001. (J) Average tumor volumes of ACHN xenograft from mice treated with vehicle, UC2288 alone, imetelstat alone, or both drugs. (K) Mouse-derived HCT116 xenograft tumors under indicated treatment conditions were analyzed for indicated proteins by immunoblot analysis. (L) Mouse-derived ACHN xenograft tumors under indicated treatment conditions were analyzed for indicated proteins by immunoblot analysis. *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001.