Table 3.
Association of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and use of multiple types of outpatient mental health services among younger and older childrena
| Younger (N=210) |
Older (N=497) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p |
| Site (reference: CWRU)b | <.001 | <.001 | ||||
| Cincinnati | .21 | .08–.55 | .05 | .03–.10 | ||
| OSU | .26 | .11–.64 | .15 | .08–.28 | ||
| Pittsburgh | 1.04 | .44–2.47 | .36 | .19–.68 | ||
| Positive screen for mania symptoms (reference: negative screen) |
1.19 | .35–4.01 | .780 | 1.05 | .57–1.94 | .881 |
| Child lives with both parents (reference: ≤1 parent) |
ns | .58 | .36–.91 | .019 | ||
| Parental stress (per 1-point increase)c |
ns | 1.10 | 1.04–1.16 | <.001 | ||
| Primary diagnosis (reference: other) | .041 | |||||
| Bipolar spectrum or psychotic disorder |
1.59 | .67–3.75 | ||||
| Depressive disorder | .64 | .27–1.52 | ||||
| Anxiety disorder | ns | 2.37 | .74–7.60 | |||
| Disruptive behavior disorder | .94 | .41–2.14 | ||||
| ADHD | .78 | .31–1.94 | ||||
| A-LIFE score, previous functioning scale (per 1-point increase)d |
ns | 1.10 | 1.01–1.20 | .029 | ||
| SLES score (per 5-point increase)e | .68 | .50–.94 | .018 | ns | ||
| KINDL-R physical subscale score (per 10-point increase)f |
1.42 | 1.13–1.80 | .003 | ns | ||
| CDRS-R score (per 5-point increase)g |
1.32 | 1.08–1.61 | .006 | ns | ||
Younger children were ages 6 or 7; older children were ages 8–12.
CWRU, Case Western Reserve University; OSU, Ohio State University
Measured by the Parent Stress Survey. Possible scores range from 0 to 25, with higher scores indicating a greater number of stressful parenting events.
Adolescent version of the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation. Possible overall scores for the previous functioning subscale range from 4 to 20, with higher scores indicating lower functioning.
Stressful Life Events Schedule. Possible scores range from 0 to 80, with higher scores indicating a greater number of stressful life events.
The KINDL-R is a parent-report measure of children’s quality of life that has been translated into many languages, including English, from the original German. Possible scores on the physical subscale range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better functioning.
Children’s Depression Rating Scale-Revised. Possible scores range from 17 to 113, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptomatology.