Table. Select Randomized Controlled Trials of Exercise as Treatment for Symptoms of Parkinson Disease.

Source	Funder	Intervention	No.	Primary Outcomes	Primary Conclusion
Shulman et al,1 2012	Michael J. Fox Foundation	High-or low-intensity treadmill or stretching and resistance training	67	Gait speed	High-or low-intensity treadmill and stretching and resistance improves gait speed
Li et al,5 2012	National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke	Tai chi, resistance training, or stretching	195	Balance testing	Tai chi improves balance
Ashburn et al,6 2007	Action Medical Research, John and Lucille Van Geest Foundation	Home physiotherapy	142	Falling rates	Physiotherapy had a trend toward a reduction in falls
Schmitz-Hübsch et al,7 2006	German Parkinson patients’ organization (dPV)	Qigong	56	UPDRS	Qigong improved UPDRS scores
Ellis et al,8 2005	Not reported	Physiotherapy and medication	68	Health questionnaire including mobility subscale	Physiotherapy improves mobility subscale of health questionnaire
Protas et al,9 2005	Veteran Affairs	Gait training	18	Gait parameters and reports of falls	Gait training improves gait and balance and reduced falls
Hirsch et al,10 2003	Not reported	Balance and resistance training or balance training alone	15	Balance and muscle strength	Balance and resistance training improves balance and strength
Schenkman et al,11 1998	National Institute of Health, Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, National Center for Research Resources	Relaxation with muscle activation	51	Spinal flexibility and physical performance	Relaxation, muscle activation improves flexibility, physical performance

Abbreviation: UPDRS, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale.