Table 3.
Incidence Rates of Hip Fractures and HR Estimates of Hip Fracture Associated With Subclinical Thyroid Function Status in Men and Women: Cardiovascular Health Study
| Men
|
Women
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subclinical Hyperthyroidism | Euthyroidism | Subclinical Hypothyroidism | Subclinical Hyperthyroidism | Euthyroidism | Subclinical Hypothyroidism | |
| All men (N = 1372) | ||||||
| No. at risk | 29 | 1159 | 184 | 142 | 1694 | 359 |
| No. (%) of events | 4 (13.8) | 58 (5.0) | 18 (9.8) | 17 (12.0) | 198 (11.7) | 36 (10.0) |
| Incidence per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | 13.65 (5.32–34.56) | 4.96 (3.84–6.40) | 10.27 (6.50–16.17) | 10.90 (6.82–17.39) | 10.18 (8.86–11.69) | 8.93 (6.46–12.34) |
| HR (95% CI) | ||||||
| Age-adjusted | 3.07 (1.11–8.46) | 1 [Reference] | 1.86 (1.09–3.16) | 1.06 (0.65–1.74) | 1 [Reference] | 0.87 (0.61–1.24) |
| Multivariable model 1a | 2.57 (0.79–8.38) | 1 [Reference] | 2.03 (1.13–3.66) | 0.96 (0.52–1.78) | 1 [Reference] | 0.74 (0.48–1.13) |
| Multivariable model 2b | 3.27 (0.99–11.30) | 1 [Reference] | 2.31 (1.25–4.27) | 1.36 (0.66–2.81) | 1 [Reference] | 0.87 (0.55–1.36) |
| Participants not taking thyroid-altering medication at baseline (n = 1287)c | ||||||
| No. at risk | 16 | 1096 | 175 | 34 | 1543 | 321 |
| No. (%) of events | 3 (18.8) | 55 (5.0) | 16 (9.1) | 4 (11.8) | 184 (11.9) | 30 (9.3) |
| Incidence per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | 21.09 (7.02–60.17) | 4.94 (3.80–6.42) | 9.66 (5.96–15.64) | 11.12 (4.33–28.25) | 10.36 (8.97–11.95) | 8.20 (5.75–11.68) |
| HR (95% CI) | ||||||
| Age-adjusted | 4.95 (1.54–15.86) | 1 [Reference] | 1.73 (0.99–3.03) | 0.98 (0.36–2.64) | 1 [Reference] | 0.79 (0.54–1.16) |
| Multivariable model 1a | 4.56 (1.06–19.64) | 1 [Reference] | 1.84 (0.98–3.43) | 1.70 (0.54–5.38) | 1 [Reference] | 0.70 (0.45–1.10) |
| Multivariable model 2b | 4.91 (1.13–21.27) | 1 [Reference] | 2.45 (1.27–4.73) | 2.42 (0.84–6.31) | 1 [Reference] | 0.87 (0.54–1.41) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
Adjusted for age, race, self-reported health status, frailty status, smoking, alcohol use, height, weight, and calcium supplementation.
Adjusted for multivariable model 1 covariates plus time-varying covariates for use during follow-up of antiosteoporosis medication (for men: 13 of 1327 noncases [1.0%] and 1 of 81 cases [1.2%]) and thyroid-altering medication (for men: 127 of 1327 noncases [9.6%] and 10 of 81 cases [12.3%]; for women: 200 of 2017 noncases [9.9%] and 41 of 253 cases [16.2%]) and thyroid-altering medication (454 of 2017 noncases [22.5%] and 52 of 253 cases [20.6%]).
Excludes 85 men and 297 women taking thyroid-altering medication at baseline (thyroid hormones, antithyroid hormones, and corticosteroids). None were taking amiodarone or lithium.