Table 3.
Cases of lower limb lymphedema (LLL) by level of physical activity, walking distance, and BMI
| Physical Activity (MET-hrs∙wk−1) | Total in Category | Cases of LLL | Model 1a OR (95% CI) |
Model 2b OR (95% CI) |
Model 3c OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <3.0 | 85 | 39 (46%) | 1 — Referent | 1 — Referent | 1 — Referent |
| 3.0–8.9 | 27 | 12 (44%) | 0.94 (0.40–2.25) | 0.92 (0.37–2.28) | 0.75 (0.28–1.99) |
| 9.0–17.9 | 27 | 9 (33%) | 0.59 (0.24–1.46) | 0.31 (0.24–1.52) | 0.50 (0.17–1.45) |
| ≥18.0 | 74 | 17 (23%) | 0.35 (0.18–0.70) | 0.36 (0.18–0.73) | 0.32 (0.15–0.69) |
| Ptrend | — | — | .002 | .004 | .003 |
| Walking (blocks∙d−1) | Total in Category | Cases of LLL |
Model 1a OR (95% CI) |
Model 2b OR (95% CI) |
Model 3c OR (95% CI) |
| <4.0 | 75 | 41 (55%) | 1 — Referent | 1 — Referent | 1 — Referent |
| 4.0–11.9 | 53 | 15 (28%) | 0.33 (0.15–0.69) | 0.31 (0.14–0.68) | 0.24 (0.10–0.57) |
| ≥12.0 | 78 | 18 (23%) | 0.25 (0.12–0.50) | 0.23 (0.11–0.48) | 0.19 (0.09–0.43) |
| Ptrend | — | — | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | Total in Category | Cases of LLL |
Model 1a OR (95% CI) |
Model 2b,d OR (95% CI) |
Model 3c,d OR (95% CI) |
| <25.0 | 56 | 20 (36%) | 1 — Referent | 1 — Referent | 1 — Referent |
| 25.0–29.9 | 47 | 17 (36%) | 1.02 (0.45–2.29) | 1.01 (0.45–2.27) | 1.38 (0.55–3.44) |
| ≥30.0 | 110 | 40 (36%) | 1.03 (0.53–2.01) | 1.01 (0.52–1.98) | 1.12 (0.52–2.43) |
| Ptrend | — | — | .94 | .97 | .85 |
a
Model 1 is the crude (unadjusted) odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.
b
Model 2 is the age and BMI adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.
c
Model 3 is the fully adjusted (multivariable) odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, controlling for age, BMI, race, cancer stage, type of treatment received, years since diagnosis, and diabetes.
d
BMI excluded as a covariate in these analyses.