Table 1.
Cohort information*
| n/group | insulin treatment | BG (mg/dL) | Hba1c (%) | Mass (g) | additional endpoints | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort 1 | Nondiabetic | 10 | N/A | 140 ± 5.4 | 4.5 ± 0.06 | 580 ± 18.8 | Biomarker panel expression, inflammatory gene expression, synapse quantitation |
| Uncontrolled diabetic | 10 | N/A | 568 ± 10.5 | 12.4 ± 0.40 | 362 ± 10.0 | ||
| Diabetic/early intervention | 10 | weeks 1–12 | 108 ± 9.4 | 5.1 ± 0.29 | 570 ± 9.9 | ||
| Diabetic/late intervention | 10 | weeks 6–12 | 280 ± 36.7 | 7.7 ± 0.40 | 460 ± 7.9 | ||
| Cohort 2 | Nondiabetic | 10 | N/A | 118 ± 3.0 | 4.6 ± 0.06 | 589 ± 13.5 | Whole-body NMR, serum c- peptide/human insulin, Gfap/Iba1 imaging, synapse quantitation |
| Uncontrolled diabetic | 10 | N/A | 477 ± 29.3 | 9.7 ± 0.68 | 279 ± 22.3 | ||
| Diabetic/early intervention | 10 | weeks 1–12 | 97 ± 35.8 | 5.3 ± 0.37 | 529 ± 9.5 | ||
| Diabetic/late intervention | 10 | weeks 6–12 | 122 ± 13.2 | 7.1 ± 0.59 | 449 ± 8.5 |
*
BG: blood glucose, HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; data collected at sacrifice.