Table 2.
Narrow Stance |
Parallel Stance |
Medium Stance |
Wide Stance |
|||||||||||
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Parameter | Units | EC/EO | 1° | 2° | 4° | 1° | 2° | 4° | 1° | 2° | 4° | 1° | 2° | 4° |
KLl | N.m.rad−1 | EC | −68 | 153 | 356 | −181 | −29 | 179 | −27 | 69 | 167 | 243 | 74 | 171 |
EO | 231 | 473 | 609 | 40 | 194 | 337 | 103 | 168 | 135 | 200 | 188 | 217 | ||
KLsl | N.m.rad−1 | EC | 919 | 736 | 554 | 850 | 730 | 527 | 566 | 476 | 356 | 122 | 378 | 254 |
EO | 614 | 426 | 316 | 651 | 480 | 383 | 469 | 360 | 389 | 220 | 248 | 247 | ||
KLi* | N.m.rad−1 | EC | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 |
EO | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | ||
BLl | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | 188 | 183 | 180 | 128 | 134 | 119 | 41 | 46 | 42 | −38 | 12 | −9.4 |
EO | 221 | 256 | 278 | 137 | 144 | 193 | 73 | 83 | 115 | −1.1 | 16 | 25 | ||
BLsl | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | 128 | 121 | 111 | 157 | 150 | 152 | 169 | 161 | 166 | 162 | 144 | 160 |
EO | 114 | 107 | 92 | 152 | 126 | 110 | 176 | 150 | 127 | 146 | 147 | 120 | ||
BLlu | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | 222 | 166 | 150 | 174 | 158 | 133 | 106 | 96 | 97 | 33 | 44 | 39 |
EO | 211 | 194 | 170 | 176 | 128 | 122 | 134 | 105 | 94 | 39 | 50 | 31 | ||
BLi* | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
EO | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||
τL* | ms | EC | 117 | 117 | 117 | 114 | 114 | 114 | 113 | 113 | 113 | 104 | 104 | 104 |
EO | 118 | 118 | 118 | 113 | 113 | 113 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 107 | 107 | 107 | ||
GLt | N.m/N.m | EC | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
EO | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | ||
τLt* | s | EC | 12 | 12 | 12 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
EO | 12 | 12 | 12 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 12 | 12 | 12 | ||
KUu | N.m.rad−1 | EC | −6.4 | 13 | 17 | −42 | −19 | 4.5 | −113 | −56 | −33 | −45 | −37 | −101 |
EO | 55 | 74 | 112 | 24 | 21 | 79 | 34 | 51 | 49 | 27 | 36 | 142 | ||
KUpu | N.m.rad−1 | EC | 242 | 142 | 82 | 291 | 218 | 157 | 254 | 196 | 198 | 121 | 247 | 320 |
EO | 307 | 262 | 164 | 241 | 116 | 108 | 212 | 150 | 138 | 93 | 114 | 234 | ||
KUlu | N.m.rad−1 | EC | −18 | −48 | −76 | 87 | 23 | −10 | 191 | 104 | 105 | 83 | 202 | 292 |
EO | 17 | −1.8 | −64 | 57 | −13 | −41 | 109 | 50 | 36 | 47 | 38 | 84 | ||
KUi* | N.m.rad−1 | EC | 92 | 92 | 92 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
EO | 77 | 77 | 77 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 37 | 37 | 37 | ||
BUu | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | 46 | 39 | 34 | 57 | 51 | 47 | 73 | 66 | 73 | 42 | 95 | 119 |
EO | 51 | 59 | 55 | 47 | 45 | 56 | 58 | 58 | 64 | 42 | 45 | 105 | ||
BUlu | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | −11 | −8.8 | −6.4 | −20 | −18 | −20 | −33 | −31 | −37 | −19 | −51 | −66 |
EO | −18 | −24 | −25 | −16 | −18 | −28 | −25 | −28 | −33 | −18 | −25 | −56 | ||
BUi* | N.m.s.rad−1 | EC | 14 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
EO | 14 | 14 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | ||
τU* | ms | EC | 98 | 98 | 98 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 46 | 46 | 46 |
EO | 76 | 76 | 76 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 45 | 45 | 45 | ||
GUt | N.m/N.m | EC | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 3.9 | 4.7 |
EO | 0.8 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 5.3 | ||
τUt* | s | EC | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
EO | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 |
Values are model parameters for EC and EO conditions from fits to across-subject mean frequency-response functions (FRFs) at 1°, 2°, and 4° peak-to-peak stimulus amplitudes for 4 different stance widths.
Parameters that were constrained to have equal values across the 3 peak-to-peak stimulus amplitudes for each stance width. All other parameters were free to vary across stimulus amplitude and stance width.