| miR-1 |
Serum expression upregulated in human AMI and in patients after open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass |
PRKCE (protein kinase C) |
147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159 |
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Overexpression enhances and inhibition attenuates apoptosis and infarct area after cardiac I/R injury in mice |
HSPD1 (HSP60) |
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Overexpression inhibits apoptosis in a rat model of cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload |
BCL2 |
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Ischemic post-conditioning upregulates miR-1 and inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats |
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Inhibition in vitro in cardiomyocytes reduces H2O2-induced and high-glucose-induced apoptosis |
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Upregulation has pro-apoptotic effect in H9c2 cells exposed to oxidative stress |
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miR-1 transfected ES cells protect host myocardium from MI-induced apoptosis |
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overexpression enhances the angiogenic differentiation of human cardiomyocyte PC |
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Upregulated in rat cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose |
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Downregulated in response to Tanshinone IIA |
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| miR-15 family |
Upregulated in response to MI Silencing in vitro renders cardiomyocytes resistant to hypoxia-induced cell death |
BCL2 |
160, 161, 162, 163 |
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Regulates angiogenic activity of endothelial cells |
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| miR-133a |
Upregulation of miR-133a following ischemic post-conditioning |
CASP9 |
155, 156, 164, 165 |
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miR-133a mimic attenuated IR-induced apoptosis in rats |
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Anti-apoptotic effect in H9c2 cells exposed to oxidative stress |
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Elevated levels of miR-133a in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) linked to more severe injury |
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Increased expression in Tanshinone IIA-treated hypoxic neonatal cardiomyocytes |
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| miR-17-92 cluster |
Overexpression of the cluster results in lethal cardiomyopathy Expression decreases in aging mice hearts |
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166, 167, 168, 169 |
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miR-20a is upregulated in mechanically stretched neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and exerts anti-apoptotic effect |
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Overexpression of miR-19b inhibits apoptosis in P19 cells |
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| miR-21 |
Myocardial upregulation of miR-21 reduces MI size and apoptotic rate by increasing Bcl-2 levels |
BCL2 FASLG (FASL) |
170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176 |
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Expression declines in cardiac myocytes upon exposure to hypoxia, and increases after ischemic preconditioning |
PDCD4 |
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Overexpression diminishes murine coxsackievirus B3-induced myocardiatis |
ANXA2 |
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Overexpression in transgenic mouse heart results in smaller infarct following ischemia |
SOD2 TXNDAXX |
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Expression elevated in circulating endothelial progenitor cells from diabetic patients and protective from high-glucose-induced apoptosis |
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Expressed in cardiac valve endothelium, where it regulates the development of AV valve |
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| miR-24 |
Expression lower in peri-infarct tissue in mouse model of MI |
BIM |
68, 177 |
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Inhibition induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis |
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In vivo overexpression inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis and attenuates infarct size |
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Inhibition enhances EC survival |
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| miR-30 |
Inhibits mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes |
TP53 |
178 |
| miR-150 |
Upregulated in cardiac myocytes treated with H2O2
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MYB (c-myb) |
147, 179 |
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Silencing protects from H2O2-induced apoptosis |
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Dysregulated in human MI |
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| miR-210 |
Upregulated in hypoxic cardiomyocytes |
? |
147, 180 |
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Overexpression reduces cell death in response to oxidative stress |
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Deregulated in human MI |
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| miR-199a |
Downregulated to undetectable levels during cardiac ischemia in vitro and in vivo
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HIF1A SIRT1 |
181 |
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Overexpression inhibits hypoxia-induced expression of several pro-apoptotic genes (e.g. CASP3 and CASP9) |
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| miR-320 |
Downregulated in murine hearts following I/R |
HSPB6 (Hsp20) |
182 |
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Overexpression enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis |
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| miR-149 |
Overexpression decreases apoptotic sensitivity |
BBC3 (PUMA) |
183 |
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G-allele of A>G SNP in pre-miR-149 decreases production of miR-149 and influences cardiac function in mouse model of MI |
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| miR-761 |
Inhibits mitochondrial fission |
MFF |
62 |
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Knockdown diminished H2O2-induced and I/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and infarct size in mice |
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| miR-499 |
Inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis |
PPP3CA, PPP3CB
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184 |
| miR-214 |
Protects cardiomyocytes from H2O2-induced apoptosis in vitro
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PTEN BIM |
185, 186 |
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Genetic deletion in mice increases cardiac apoptosis |
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| miR-145 |
Circulating levels reduced in patients with coronary artery disease |
CAMK2G |
67, 187 |
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Ameliorates ROS-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes |
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| miR-378 |
Downregulated in a rat model of myocardial ischemia |
CASP3 |
188 |
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Overexpression in H9c2 cardiomyocytes reduces apoptosis and necrosis |
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Inhibition increases H2O2-induced apoptosis |
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| miR-195 |
Inhibition leads to decreased ROS production and apoptosis in palmitate-treated mouse cardiomyocytes |
SIRT1 |
189 |
| miR-34a |
Expression increases with aging (in mice) |
SIRT1 PNUTS |
125, 190, 191 |
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Inhibition reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis |
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Levels higher in endothelial progenitor cells from coronary artery disease patients |
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Regulates SIRT1 expression in endothelial progenitor cells and contributes to endothelial senescence |
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