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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 6.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ Rev. 2010 Sep;100(4):1847–1859. doi: 10.1257/aer.100.4.1847

Table 1.

Measures of Violence over Time and by Socio Economic Status

All Violence
1990 2003 Percent Change
Female Assaults per 100,000 39.3 12.1 −69%
Intimate partner homicide per 100,000 1.6 1.1 −31%
Non-intimate partner homicide per 100,000 18.6 14 −25%
Assaults adjusted for declines in hospital use −36%
Assaults per 100,000 Pregnant Women
All 31
Medicaid 59
Private Pay 12
< HS 41
College 1.3