Table 2.
Overview of the proteomic analyses of helminths secretome.
| Organism | Order | Principal host |
Analyzed stage |
Number of identified proteins | Approach used | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nematoda | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Ascaris suum | Ascaridida | Pig | Adults, female | 775 | Bioinformatics | [111] |
|
| ||||||
| Brugia malayi | Filariida | Human | Adults, mixed sex | 193 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [125] |
| Adults, mixed sex | 82 | [126] | ||||
| L3; L3/L4 molting stage; microfilaria; adults, male; adults, female |
3 3 36 9 12 |
[127] | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Dirofilaria immitis | Filariida | Dog | Adults, mixed sex | 110 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [128] |
|
| ||||||
| Ancylostoma caninum | Rhabditida | Dog | Adults, mixed sex | 105 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [129] |
|
| ||||||
| Heligmosomoides polygyrus | Rhabditida | Rodents | L4; egg released material; adults, mixed sex |
214 209 364 |
Proteomics, bioinformatics | [108] |
|
| ||||||
| Ostertagia ostertagi | Rhabditida | Cattle | Adults, mixed sex | 2 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [130] |
| L4 and adults, mixed sex | 15 | Bioinformatics | [131] | |||
|
| ||||||
| Haemonchus contortus | Strongylida | Sheep, goat |
Mixed stages; adults, mixed sex |
1,457 107 |
Proteomics | [98] |
|
| ||||||
| Nippostrongylus brasiliensis | Strongylida | Rat | Adults, mixed sex | 3 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [58] |
|
| ||||||
| Strongyloides ratti | Strongylida | Rat | Adults, mixed sex | 2572 | Bioinformatics | [132] |
| iL3; parasitic female; free-living stage |
196 79 35 |
Proteomics, bioinformatics | [133] | |||
|
| ||||||
| Teladorsagia circumcincta | Strongylida | Sheep, goat | Larval stages; L4; adults, mixed sex |
18 15 13 |
Proteomics | [117, 134] |
|
| ||||||
| Trichinella pseudospiralis | Trichocephalida | Bird | Larval stages | 9 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [135] |
|
| ||||||
| Trichinella spiralis | Trichocephalida | Mammals | L1 | 13 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [136] |
|
| ||||||
| Trematoda | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Dicrocoelium dendriticum | Plagiorchiida | Ruminants | Adult (exosome-like vesicles); | 84 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [137] |
| adult (surface); | 113 | |||||
| adult (ESP); | 29 | [138] | ||||
| tegument | 43 | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Fasciola hepatica | Prosostomata | Cattle, sheep | Larval stages; | 22 | Proteomics, bioinformatics | [139] |
| adults, mixed sex; | 26 | |||||
| mollusc-dwelling larva; | 8 | |||||
| adults, mixed sex; dormant larvae |
160 26 |
Proteomics | [140] | |||
|
| ||||||
| Schistosoma mansoni | Strigeidida | Human | Cercaria; egg; |
72 188 |
Proteomics, bioinformatics | [141–143] |
| cercaria | 23 | |||||