Table 2.

Meta-analyses of activity by cluster. (Ten largest clusters only. Region abbreviations defined in figure 1a. MNI coordinates are centres of mass. First region is always the location at the centre and the other regions are part of the cluster. With the exception of the ‘anterior insula’, ‘anterior’ and ‘posterior’ are relative to the TTG (see figure 1a (blue line)).)

			voxels (mm3)	MNI
meta-analyses	regions			x	y	z
(a) less meaningful stimuli and tasks
	left	fusiform and cerebellum	27 608	−36	−71	−19
a combination of the following contrasts:	right	POP and VPG, VPS, VCS	22 040	47	13	17
passive listening to non-words > words	left	PT and TTG, posterior STG, LF	18 992	−56	−31	13
behavioural domain of language:	left	VPG and POP, VPS, VCS	17 880	−46	0	42
speech > syntax	left	superior frontal gyrus (SMA)	17 648	−2	16	54
speech > semantics	right	fusiform and cerebellum	16 848	39	−66	−23
phonology > syntax	right	posterior STG and TTG, PT, LF	16 736	55	−29	3
phonology > semantics	left	anterior insula, SG, putamen	14 432	−34	9	3
	left	superior parietal lobule	6672	−33	−63	50
	right	thalamus, caudate	4944	2	−2	5
(b) passive listening network
correlation of stimuli with this network:	left	posterior STG and TTG, PT, LF, PP, middle temporal gyrus	64 584	−53	−24	2
non-vocal sounds, r = 0.91	right	posterior STG and TTG, PT, LF, PP, middle temporal gyrus	62 752	55	−21	0
non-verbal vocal sounds, r = 0.77	right	cerebellum	1360	10	−69	−34
noise, r = 0.52	right	VPG and VPS, VCS	1280	47	−8	47
music, r = 0.49	left	superior parietal lobule	1152	−14	−61	62
tones, r = 0.38	right	superior parietal lobule	872	14	−62	62
pseudo-words, r = 0.27	left	VPG and VCS	528	−48	−13	45
none, r = 0.26	right	paracentral lobule	496	9	−42	59
words, r = 0.25	right	middle frontal gyrus	280	31	−2	63
syllables, r = 0.25	left	middle frontal gyrus	248	−25	−7	64
false fonts, r = 0.22
(c) more meaningful stimuli and tasks
	left	PP and anterior STG, temporal pole, pars triangularis, pars orbitalis	25 480	−50	16	−10
a combination of the following contrasts:	left	posterior middle temporal gyrus	18 592	−46	−47	-7
passive listening to words > non-words	right	anterior middle temporal gyrus and anterior STG, temporal pole, pars orbitalis	11 328	57	6	-16
behavioural domain of language:	right	angular gyrus and posterior middle temporal gyrus	3104	56	−62	17
syntax > speech	left	anterior superior frontal gyrus	2528	−6	53	34
syntax > phonology	left	thalamus	1936	−7	−5	6
semantics > speech	right	cerebellum and fusiform	1864	34	−47	−29
semantics > phonology	right	pars triangularis	1672	51	28	17
	left	occipital pole	1248	−6	−95	−10
	left	putamen	1072	−21	8	6
(d) TTG co-activity network overlap with covert SP
	left	anterior insula and POP, VPS, VPG, VCS, SG, thalamus, putamen, TTG, STG, PT, LF	51 328	−44	−2	15
	bilateral	superior frontal gyrus (SMA)	17 952	0	10	52
	left	anterior insula and POP, putamen	12 224	39	17	2
	right	posterior STG and TTG, PT, LF	7936	58	−35	5
	right	VPG and POP, VPS, VCS	6032	50	3	38
	left	superior and inferior parietal lobule	4696	−37	−50	49
	right	cerebellum	3784	29	−63	−33
	left	fusiform and cerebellum	3496	−39	−66	−27
	right	superior parietal lobule	1528	36	−55	49
	left	superior parietal lobule	1240	−22	−70	44