. 2014 Aug 6;9(8):e103989. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103989

Table 1. Summary of flight parameters.

	treatment	N.c.			C_GE			C_S			total			LMM (REML)-variance component analyses
		mean	−95% C.I.	+95% C.I.	mean	−95% C.I.	+95% C.I.	mean	−95% C.I.	+95% C.I.	mean	−95% C.I.	+95% C.I.	total home vs. total lost
home														F	d.d.f. (n.d.f. = 1)	p
	sample size	25			28			30			83
	track length [m]*	249.00	201.40	307.90	250.10	205.50	304.30	225.40	186.60	272.30	-			-
	homing time [s]*	105.89	75.41	148.70	90.44	65.85	124.20	88.10	64.43	120.50	-			-
	total flight time [s]	101.05	73.87	138.20	84.38	63.77	111.70	87.49	65.55	116.80	90.70	73.59	111.78	12.27	89.8	*<0.01*
	continual flight time [s]	36.50	25.99	51.22	32.28	23.49	44.36	28.47	21.12	38.36	32.24	26.82	38.76	8.48	51.3	*<0.01*
	mean stop time [s]**	22.48	8.99	54.2	36.54	15.21	85.90	20.43	8.88	45.5	25.6	15.03	43.26	0.33	83.2	0.57
	total stop time [s]**	31.95	11.95	32.80	59.25	22.68	152.30	29.01	11.80	69.40	38.06	22.13	65.00	0.48	86.0	0.49
	continual stop time [s]	41.38	26.94	63.60	70.17	46.74	105.30	76.49	51.73	113.10	60.56	46.62	78.70	6.55	112.6	*0.01*
	mean number of stops	1.24	0.79	1.80	1.43	0.96	2.00	1.12	0.73	1.59	1.26	0.99	1.55	0.01	90.0	0.94
	continual flight distance [m]	72.78	47.23	112.20	70.89	47.33	106.20	51.62	35.34	75.40	64.34	50.90	81.32	8.42	48.7	*<0.01*
	mean flight speed [ms⁻¹]	2.98	2.55	3.42	3.42	3.02	3.83	3.18	2.78	3.57	3.19	2.86	3.53	0.16	89.6	0.69
	max flight speed [ms⁻¹]	7.21	6.35	8.19	7.28	6.49	8.17	7.72	6.87	8.69	7.40	6.75	8.12	0.52	89.9	0.47
	mean acceleration [ms⁻²]	0.98	0.83	1.13	1.16	1.02	1.30	1.06	0.92	1.19	1.07	0.96	1.17	0.04	90.0	0.84
	max acceleration [ms⁻²]	3.22	2.75	3.76	3.40	2.96	3.91	3.68	3.18	4.26	2.56	1.96	3.38	1.00	86.6	0.32
	approachiness	0.37	0.29	0.46	0.40	0.33	0.48	0.43	0.36	0.50	0.40	0.35	0.45	39.82	89.5	*<0.001*
	track straightness*	0.52	0.43	0.62	0.55	0.47	0.65	0.59	0.51	0.68	0.55	0.50	0.61	-
non-returning
	sample size	8			2			3			13
	track length [m]*	-			-			-			-
	homing time [s]*	-			-			-			-
	total flight time [s]	47.47	28.85	78.10	9.82	3.76	25.70	131.68	49.94	347.20	39.45	24.05	64.72
	continual flight time [s]	13.68	8.06	23.23	27.81	12.90	59.94	9.64	1.91	48.58	15.42	8.28	28.74
	mean stop time [s]**	52.41	11.35	230.00	64.72	2.60	1199.90	5.46	−0.65	116.80	27.30	5.56	121.03
	total stop time [s]**	107.61	19.85	564.80	83.81	2.12	2300.70	6.07	−0.74	190.90	39.23	6.72	280.60
	continual stop time [s]	120.42	61.01	237.70	116.18	48.46	278.50	44.50	3.56	556.80	85.38	33.78	215.8
	mean number of stops	1.59	0.74	2.86	1.45	0.11	4.42	0.41	−0.36	2.13	1.08	0.39	2.09
	continual flight distance [m]	23.48	12.02	45.90	37.41	14.38	97.30	37.63	4.65	304.40	32.09	14.45	71.30
	mean flight speed [ms⁻¹]	3.14	2.51	3.76	2.54	1.35	3.73	3.01	1.86	4.16	2.90	2.27	3.52
	max flight speed [ms⁻¹]	7.87	6.50	9.53	5.31	3.71	7.60	5.82	4.04	8.40	6.24	5.17	7.55
	mean acceleration [ms⁻²]	1.07	0.84	1.30	0.79	0.34	1.24	1.05	0.61	1.49	0.97	0.74	1.20
	max acceleration [ms⁻²]	3.56	2.72	4.66	2.13	1.25	3.64	2.23	1.30	3.80	3.43	3.13	3.75
	approachiness	−0.16	−0.29	−0.03	0.20	−0.05	0.46	0.40	0.15	0.66	0.15	0.02	0.28
total														total N.c. vs. total C _GE vs. total C_S
	sample size	33			30			33						F	d.d.f. (n.d.f. = 2)	p
	track length [m]*	249.00	201.40	307.90	250.10	205.50	304.30	225.40	186.60	272.30				0.30	77.7	0.74*
	homing time [s]*	105.89	75.41	148.70	90.44	65.85	124.20	88.10	64.43	120.50				0.28	76.4	0.75*
	total flight time [s]	69.26	50.85	94.30	28.79	17.30	47.90	107.34	64.37	179.00				0.73	85.0	0.48
	continual flight time [s]	22.34	16.32	30.59	29.96	19.77	45.40	16.57	7.28	37.70				0.30	70.1	0.75
	mean stop time [s]**	34.41	14.02	82.50	48.67	9.90	225.30	10.77	1.60	52.20				0.36	83.2	0.55
	total stop time [s]**	58.82	22.18	153.40	70.48	11.86	396.30	13.57	1.65	79.10				0.87	86.0	0.42
	continual stop time [s]	70.59	46.78	106.50	90.29	55.41	147.10	58.34	16.20	210.10				1.08	147.1	0.34
	mean number of stops	1.41	0.92	2.03	1.44	0.62	2.68	0.73	0.15	1.60				0.69	90.0	0.50
	continual flight distance [m]	41.34	27.75	61.58	51.50	30.65	86.54	44.07	15.23	127.51				0.45	68.6	0.64
	mean flight speed [ms⁻¹]	3.06	2.63	3.49	2.98	2.34	3.63	3.09	2.45	3.73				0.68	89.6	0.41
	max flight speed [ms⁻¹]	7.53	6.65	8.53	6.22	5.12	7.56	6.71	5.51	8.16				0.49	89.9	0.49
	mean acceleration [ms⁻²]	1.02	0.88	1.17	0.97	0.74	1.21	1.05	0.82	1.30				1.35	85.3	0.27
	max acceleration [ms⁻²]	3.39	2.89	3.96	2.69	2.04	3.54	2.86	2.17	3.78				0.38	88.2	0.68
	approachiness	0.11	0.03	0.19	0.30	0.17	0.44	0.42	0.28	0.55				9.98	86.3	*0.001*
	track straightness*	0.52	0.43	0.62	0.55	0.47	0.65	0.59	0.51	0.68				0.60	77.1	0.55*

Table of sample sizes, predicted means and 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) of the analysed flight characteristics, and statistics for homed bees, non-returning bees and the total dataset. Parameters were compared using linear mixed models (LMM) fitted by restricted maximum likelihood (REML), with a crossed fixed model (treatment × homing success) and a nested random model (tracking day × bee). Denominator degrees of freedom (d.d.f.) are reported individually whereas the test-wide unvaried nominator degree of freedom (n.d.f.) is given in the heading. Parameters marked with an asterisk (*) were only for successfully homed bees (see also Table S1). Parameters marked with two asterisks (**) were assessed excluding composite tracks (n = 3) consisting of two sub-tracks recorded over a long period of time i.e. putative non-returning bees re-emerging on the radar screen after a long period of discontinuous radar-tracking (tracking of other bees interspersed with non-tracking times while bees were prepared and displaced), characterized by one very long putative stop separating the two track-components.