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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Hematol. 2014 May;21(3):172–178. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000030

Fig. 3. The HRI-eIF2αP-ATF4 signaling during erythropoiesis.

Fig. 3

The expression of HRI increases during erythroid differentiation from BFU-E to reticulocytes. HRI is the major eIF2α kinase in the erythroid lineage, and is indispensable to coordinate heme and globin synthesis. Additionally, HRI activate ATF4 signaling pathway to mitigate oxidative stress in nucleated erythroblasts. This HRI-ATF4 pathway is activated during erythropoiesis and is necessary to promote erythroid differentiation. At the earlier stages of erythropoiesis before basophilic erythroblasts, other eIF2α kinases and HRI are both required for the proliferation of the erythroid precursors.