Table 2.

Maternal and paternal characteristics and maternal nutrient intakes associated with neonatal anthropometry – adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, education level, length of gestation and neonate gender ^{1, 2}

	B	SEB	p-value	R 2 adj	F	p-value
Birth Weight
Gestational weight Gain	23.220	6.040	0.000	0.233	11.547	0.000
Length
Mother baseline smoker	−6.220	1.490	0.000	0.278	6.193	0.000
Abdominal Circumference
Trimester 3 SFA3 (%TE)	0.147	0.050	0.004	0.055	2.484	0.019
Trimester 3 PUFA4 (%TE)	−0.184	0.099	0.065
Thigh Circumference
Baseline strenuous physical activity	−0.706	0.257	0.014	0.467	4.365	0.008
Chest Circumference
Maternal weight booking	0.150	0.080	0.080	0.377	2.906	0.039
Baseline strenuous physical activity	−0.820	0.286	0.012
Subscap skinfold thickness
Trimester 3 PUFA4 (%TE)	−0.140	0.074	0.062	0.050	2.301	0.038
Subscapular:Triceps skinfold ratio
well-being% score	−0.003	0.001	0.006	0.051	2.410	0.030
Waist Circumference:Length Ratio
Maternal age	−0.002	0.001	0.010
Baseline mother smoker	0.083	0.018	0.000
Baseline mother arm circumference	0.005	0.002	0.046
Trimester 2 glycaemic load	0.003e−1	0.000	0.059	0.381	8.003	<0.001
Postprandial glucose at 28 weeks	0.007	0.003	0.036
Trimester 3 SFA3 (%TE)	0.004	0.001	0.001
Group	0.019	0.008	0.021
Waist Circumference:Length Ratio (adjusted for definite underreporting)
Maternal age	−0.002	0.001	0.008
Baseline mother smoker	0.096	0.018	<0.001
Baseline mother arm circumference	0.005	0.002	0.025	0.401	8.594	<0.001
Postprandial glucose at 28 weeks	0.006	0.003	0.050
Trimester 3 SFA3 (%TE)	0.003	0.001	0.005
Group	0.028	0.010	0.007

¹Well-established influences on neonatal size, ²Group affiliation was also included in all models as this study was a randomised control trial. %TE denotes percentage of total energy. Multiple regression analysis was used in this analysis and only statistically significant overall models were included. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Abbreviations: ³SFA, saturated fatty acids; ⁴PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids.