Table 2.
Characteristics of patients presenting within 4.5 hours from symptom onset by group (rt-PA versus no rt-PA).
| Characteristics | All | No rt-PA | rt-PA | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total sample | N = 33 | N = 25 | N = 8 | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 15 (45.5%) | 12 (48.0%) | 3 (37.5%) | 0.70 |
| Female | 18 (54.5%) | 13 (52.0%) | 5 (62.5%) | |
| Age (mean, sd) | 70.6 (13.6) | 68.7 (14.3) | 77.7 (6.9) | 0.23 |
| Arrival mode | ||||
| EMS | 5 (15.2%) | 5 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.30 |
| Private | 26 (78.8%) | 19 (76.0%) | 7 (87.5%) | |
| Unknown | 2 (6.1%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | |
| Presenting symptoms | ||||
| Weakness | 23 (69.7%) | 18 (72.0%) | 5 (62.5%) | 0.67 |
| Numbness | 6 (18.2%) | 6 (24.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.30 |
| Loss of vision | 2 (6.1%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0.43 |
| Loss of speech | 24 (72.7%) | 17 (68.0%) | 7 (87.5%) | 0.39 |
| Headache | 33 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | — |
| Dizziness | 2 (6.1%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
| Ataxia | 1 (3.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
| Decreased LOC | 9 (27.3%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.07 |
| Dysphagia/syncope/vertigo | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | — |
| Fall | 2 (6.1%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0 (0.05) | 1.00 |
| Past medical history | ||||
| HTN | 28 (84.8%) | 22 (88.0%) | 6 (75.0%) | 0.57 |
| Diabetes | 13 (39.4%) | 10 (40.0%) | 3 (37.5%) | 1.00 |
| CAD | 9 (27.3%) | 7 (28.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | 1.00 |
| CHF | 3 (9.1%) | 3 (12.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.56 |
| AFIB/aflutter | 7 (21.2%) | 6 (24.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0.65 |
| Dyslipidemia | 16 (48.5%) | 12 (48.0%) | 4 (50.0%) | 1.00 |
| Peptic ulcer disease/GI bleed | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | — |
| CVA | 11 (33.3%) | 10 (40.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0.22 |
| Seizure | 3 (9.1%) | 2 (8.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1.00 |
| TIA | 3 (9.1%) | 2 (8.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1.00 |
| ICH | 1 (3.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
| Dementia | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | — |
| Cancer | 1 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0.24 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Yes | 10 (33.3%) | 6 (27.3%) | 4 (50.0%) | 0.41 |
| Previous | 7 (23.3%) | 5 (22.7%) | 2 (25.0%) | |
| No | 13 (43.3%) | 11 (50.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | |
| Medications | ||||
| Low molecular weight heparin | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | — |
| Aspirin | 16 (48.5%) | 13 (52.0%) | 3 (37.5%) | 0.69 |
| Clopidogrel | 5 (15.6%) | 4 (16.7%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1.00 |
| Warfarin | 5 (15.6%) | 5 (20.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.30 |
| Physical examination | ||||
| Mental status change | 7 (21.2%) | 7 (28.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.15 |
| Motor deficit | 25 (75.8%) | 18 (72.0%) | 7 (87.5%) | 0.64 |
| Sensory deficit | 3 (9.4%) | 3 (12.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.56 |
| Cranial nerve deficit | 14 (42.4%) | 9 (36.0%) | 5 (62.5%) | 0.24 |
| Gait change | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | — |
| Cerebellar deficit | 2 (6.1%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
| Babinski positive | 12 (36.4%) | 8 (32.0%) | 4 (50.05) | 0.42 |
| Vital signs (mean sd) | ||||
| Systolic BP | 153.0 (30.4) | 152.3 (30.0) | 156.2 (34.8) | 0.69 |
| Diastolic BP | 78.0 (14.7) | 76.4 (13.9) | 84.8 (17.5) | 0.23 |
| Heart rate | 83.0 (21.5) | 82.7 (22.3) | 84.5 (19.6) | 0.83 |
| Blood glucose | 164.4 (82.3) | 164.7 (83.0) | 163.7 (87.3) | 0.95 |
| Laboratory (mean sd) | ||||
| Platelet count K | 223.9 (64.9) | 230.5 (68.4) | 195.2 (38.8) | 0.12 |
| International normalized ratio (INR) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.0) | 0.51 |
| Prothrombin time (PT) | 14.9 (5.0) | 15.5 (5.3) | 11.6 (0.1) | 0.41 |
| Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) | 32.0 (7.1) | 33.2 (7.5) | 27.3 (1.8) | 0.27 |
| CT | ||||
| CT done | 31 (93.9%) | 23 (92.0%) | 8 (100.0%) | 1.00 |
| Acute infarction | 18 (54.5%) | 16 (69.6%) | 2 (25.0%) | 0.04 |
| MRI | ||||
| MRI done | 24 (72.7%) | 19 (76.0%) | 5 (62.5%) | 0.65 |
| Acute infarction | 21 (63.6%) | 17 (89.5%) | 4 (80.0%) | 0.52 |
| Physician specialty | ||||
| EM | 18 (54.5%) | 12 (48.0%) | 6 (75.0%) | 0.24 |
| Other* | 15 (45.5%) | 13 (52.5%) | 2 (25.0%) |
*Other (internal medicine and family medicine).