Table 1. In vitro development of embryos after nuclear transfer into enucleated interphase 2-cell blastomeres.
| Recipient cytoplasm type | Recipient cytoplasm cell cycle (hrs after cleavage) | Nuclear donor cell cycle | Donor cell type | N | Cleaved embryos (%) | Blastocysts (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In vivo fertilized 2-cell embryos | M-phase | G0/G1 | FFs | 55 | 2 (4) | 0 |
| Early G1 (0.5-1) | G0/G1 | FFs | 227 | 110 (48) | 86 (38) | |
| Intermediate G1 (1-2) | G0/G1 | FFs | 56 | 12 (21) | 8 (14) | |
| Late (2-3) | G0/G1 | FFs | 37 | 5 (14) | 4 (11) | |
| S (4-6) | S | FFs | 72 | 27 (38) | 17 (24) | |
| S (4-6) | G0/G1 | FFs | 34 | 0 | 0 | |
| Early G1 (0.5-1) | G1 | ESCs | 161 | 63 (39) | 53 (33) | |
| Early G1 (0.5-1) | S | ESCs | 43 | 0 | 0 | |
| S (4-6) | S | ESCs | 744 | 335 (45) | 293 (39) | |
| S (4-6) | G1 | ESCs | 34 | 3 (9) | 2 (6) | |
| Early G1 (0.5-1) | G0/G1 | CCs | 257 | 58 (23) | 39 (15) | |
| Intact controls | N/A | N/A | 135 | 133 (99) | 127 (94)* | |
| Parthenogenetically activated 2-cell embryos | Early G1 (0.5-1) | G0/G1 | FFs | 32 | 15 (47) | 11 (34) |
| Intact parthenote controls | N/A | N/A | 86 | 84 (98) | 78 (91)* | |
| MII oocytes | MII | G0/G1 | FFs | 289 | 161 (56) | 116 (40) |
| MII | G1 | ESCs | 113 | 46 (41) | 25 (22) | |
| MII | G0/G1 | CCs | 136 | 95 (70) | 23 (17) | |
| MII | S | ESCs | 70 | 8 (11) | 2 (3) |
Control versus experimental treatment within each group
*
p < 0.05.
FFs - fetal fibroblasts, ESCs - embryonic stem cells, CCs - cumulus cells.