Table 5.
Suggestive HLA allelic associations with rubella vaccine-specific IFN-γ immune responses in the Rochester and San Diego study cohorts.
| Rochester cohort | San Diego cohort | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HLA locus/cytokine | Allele | Allele counts | Median, pg/ml | 25th Percentile, pg/ml | 75th Percentile, pg/ml | p-value | Allele counts | Median, pg/ml | 25th Percentile, pg/ml | 75th Percentile, pg/ml | p-value |
| IFN-γ (pg/ml) | Overall | 1370 | 8.50 | 3.00 | 23.40 | 1896 | -1.40 | -6.40 | 3.10 | ||
| HLA-A | *03:01 | 199 | 8.29 | 2.73 | 24.14 | 0.743 | 209 | -0.46 | -5.93 | 4.18 | 0.042 |
| *36:01 | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | 1.41 | -12.76 | 6.39 | 0.041 | |
| *33:01 | 9 | 3.35 | -0.97 | 12.05 | 0.034 | 25 | -1.29 | -5.73 | 0.93 | 0.167 | |
| *68:01 | 64 | 5.25 | 2.97 | 12.64 | 0.023 | 77 | 0.51 | -6.87 | 4.52 | 0.680 | |
| *68:02 | 6 | 5.41 | 1.72 | 13.93 | 0.736 | 50 | -1.60 | -5.76 | 1.40 | 0.038 | |
| HLA-B | *13:02 | 33 | 6.61 | 2.84 | 21.57 | 0.197 | 31 | -1.52 | -5.74 | 2.93 | 0.070 |
| *18:01 | 40 | 4.76 | 2.06 | 14.26 | 0.766 | 62 | -1.05 | -5.20 | 2.42 | 0.045 | |
| *49:01 | 30 | 8.09 | 2.00 | 21.30 | 0.491 | 30 | 0.15 | -5.44 | 4.76 | 0.085 | |
| *50:01 | 12 | 9.45 | 2.52 | 34.53 | 0.554 | 11 | -0.06 | -2.29 | 3.44 | 0.086 | |
| *57:01 | 33 | 11.62 | 2.98 | 27.09 | 0.074 | 45 | -2.07 | -7.42 | 2.36 | 0.435 | |
| HLA-C | *07:04 | 33 | 5.25 | 2.97 | 29.17 | 0.127 | 18 | 2.25 | -4.49 | 6.70 | 0.086 |
| *15:05 | 6 | 7.58 | -0.16 | 21.8 | 0.669 | 10 | -4.83 | -8.03 | 1.96 | 0.042 | |
| HLA-DPA1 | *01:03 | 1060 | 9.23 | 3.12 | 23.83 | 0.094 | 1159 | -1.57 | -6.51 | 3.14 | 0.848 |
| *01:09 | 13 | 4.6 | 1.73 | 18.76 | 0.092 | 160 | -0.4 | -4.24 | 3.91 | 0.019 | |
| HLA-DPB1 | *03:01 | 138 | 11.98 | 3.61 | 32.52 | 0.004 | 119 | -0.17 | -4.39 | 4.20 | 0.704 |
| *05:02 | 9 | 12.03 | 5.95 | 21.80 | 0.772 | 33 | -0.16 | -3.93 | 4.91 | 0.028 | |
| *17:01 | 18 | 6.17 | 0.16 | 31.16 | 0.460 | 47 | -3.64 | -10.58 | 1.15 | 0.013 | |
| HLA-DQB1 | *04:01 | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | -4.71 | -20.46 | -1.25 | 0.071 |
| HLA-DRB1 | *04:03 | 9 | 28.76 | 11.29 | 42.55 | 0.090 | 22 | -3.03 | -5.91 | 2.08 | 0.927 |
| *04:07 | 9 | 13.48 | 4.06 | 34.09 | 0.970 | 38 | -2.00 | -8.57 | 3.88 | 0.020 | |
| *13:01 | 91 | 5.22 | 2.07 | 11.91 | <0.001 | 85 | -1.99 | -7.38 | 4.2 | 0.997 | |
| *13:03 | 12 | 20.98 | 9.63 | 25.25 | 0.090 | 36 | -1.01 | -5.47 | 3.00 | 0.775 | |
| HLA-DQA1 | *01:03 | 99 | 5.35 | 1.93 | 13.00 | 0.002 | 112 | -0.99 | -6.5 | 4.55 | 0.80 |
Associations tested using linear mixed models using log-transformed antibody levels and inverse-normal transformations for IFN-γ. Analyses adjusted for age at blood draw quartile, quartiles for age at vaccination, time from most recent vaccination to enrollment, gender, race, and rubella vaccination assay run. Negative IFN-γ values indicate that the unstimulated secretion values were, on average, higher than the rubella virus-stimulated secretion values.