Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 127 HIV-infected foreign and US-born Latinos compared with 451 HIV-infected black and white patients receiving care at the University of North Carolina.
| Characteristic | Latino immigrant% (n/N) | Latino US born% (n/N) | Black%(n/N) | White% (n/N) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Overall | N = 104 | N = 23 | N = 345 | N = 106 |
| Sociodemographic | ||||
| Age, median years (IQR)†‡ | 37 (30–44) | 39 (27–50) | 43 (38–50) | 44 (37–48) |
| Male† | 75 (78/104) | 70 (16/23) | 58 (199/345) | 76 (81/106) |
| Years since diagnosis†‡ | ||||
| ≤1 | 23 (24/104) | 4 (1/23) | 9 (30/336) | 7 (7/105) |
| 2–5 | 35 (36/104) | 39 (9/23) | 25 (83/336) | 20 (21/105) |
| >5 | 42 (44/104) | 57 (13/23) | 66 (223/336) | 73 (77/105) |
| Delayed care >6 months after diagnosis | 12 (12/104) | 9 (2/23) | 18 (46/249) | 16 (13/80) |
| High school graduate*†‡ | 49 (51/104) | 78 (18/23) | 67 (231/345) | 89 (94/106) |
| Annual income <$10,000‡ | 54 (56/104) | 39 (9/23) | 63 (212/334) | 38 (39/104) |
| Any insurance (private or Medicaid)*†‡ | 9 (9/104) | 52 (12/23) | 52 (178/343) | 58 (62/106) |
| History of illicit drug use*†‡ | 17 (18/103) | 70 (16/23) | 64 (210/329) | 64 (67/104) |
| Ever in jail or prison | 38 (40/104) | 39 (9/23) | 43 (146/342) | 30 (32/106) |
| In married/committed relationship†‡ | 55 (57/104) | 43 (10/23) | 20 (47/233) | 26 (19/73) |
| Currently employed | 71 (71/100) | 52 (12/23) | — | — |
| Monolingual Spanish* | 82 (85/104) | 4 (1/23) | — | — |
| Low acculturation* | 92 (96/104) | 4 (1/23) | — | — |
| Clinical | ||||
| History of any STI* | 41 (43/104) | 65 (15/23) | 52 (180/345) | 40 (42/106) |
| ART-naïve at entry* | 84 (86/102) | 65 (15/23) | — | — |
| CD4 Lymphocyte count, median cells/mm3 (IQR) | ||||
| Entry to clinic* | 187 (60–342) | 371 (296–509) | — | — |
| Entry to clinic and ART-naïve* | 183 (64–342) | 371 (203–725) | — | — |
| Current | 400 (249–565) | 471 (391–730) | — | — |
| RNA viral load, median log copies/mL | ||||
| Entry to clinic and ART-naïve | 4.7 (4.1–5.3) | 4.9 (3.6–5.0) | — | — |
| Current | 1.7 (1.6–2.2) | 1.7 (1.6–2.7) | — | — |
| On ART | 95 (99/104) | 91 (21/23) | — | — |
| RNA <50 copies/mL | 62 (61/98) | 76 (16/21) | — | — |
Notes: Varying denominators reflect missing data for that question. Differences were tested between groups using Pearson’s x2 for categorical variables or Kruskal–Wallis for continuous variables.
STI, sexually transmitted infection; ART, antiretroviral therapy.
a
Per patient report: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomonas, Syphilis, Genital warts, Genital Herpes.
*
P < 0.05 immigrant Latino vs. US-born Latinos.
†
P < 0.05 immigrant Latinos vs. Blacks.
‡
P < 0.05 immigrant Latino vs. Whites.