Table 1.

Summary of included studies

	Study design	Population	Size	Antibiotics	Control	Intervention	Analysis	Key findings
[26]	RCT	Acute salpingitis or PID	40	Co-amoxiclav 1 g three times daily doxycycline 200 mg once daily intravenously for 5 days followed by co-amoxiclav 500 mg three times daily for 15 days and doxycycline 200 mg once daily for 21 days	No NSAID	Piroxicam 20 mg/day from day 3 post-operation for 25 days	Per protocol	Tubal patency: in severe PID, bilateral patency was seen in 1/7 (14.2%) of placebo group versus 7/9 (77.8%) of intervention group (P = 0.02, Fisher’s exact test)
		Confirmed by laparoscopy						Residual adhesions: in severe PID, more patients in intervention group had no residual adhesions, 6/9 (66.7%), versus control group, 1/7 (14.3%) (P = 0.06, Fisher’s exact test)
								No difference between arms in tubal patency or residual adhesions for mild or moderate PID
[27]	RCT	Mild acute PID	42	Tetracycline 500 mg four times daily for 10 days	Placebo	Fentiazac 200 mg twice daily for 7 days	Intention to treat	Suprapubic pain: resolution of pain occurred by day 7 in 9/21 (43%) of patients in the intervention group versus 5/21 (24%) in the control group (P = 0.2, χ square)
		Clinical diagnosis
								Reduction in overall signs and symptoms: greater reduction in average score for severity of signs and symptoms in the intervention compared with the placebo group (figures providing the basis of the calculation not provided)
								Nausea reported in 4/21 patients receiving fentiazac (1 discontinuation) versus 2/21 in the control group (no discontinuations)

NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PID pelvic inflammatory disease; RCT randomized controlled trial.