Table 1.

Toxicant reduction technologies and target toxicants

Technology	Cigarette component	Description	Target toxicants
Tobacco substitute sheet (TSS)	Blend	Glycerol dilution technology	Whole smoke; additional selectivity volatile phenols
Blend treated tobacco (BTT)	Blend	Protease treated extracted tobacco	Phenolics and nitrogen-based constituents
High activity carbon (HAC)	Filter	Polymer-derived (synthetic), spherical carbon beads	Vapour-phase constituents
Amine functionalised resin	Filter	Amine group functionalised resin (CR20D)	Hydrogen cyanide, volatile acids, and carbonyls
Triethyl citrate	Filter	Filter tow plasticiser	Volatile phenols
Split-tipping (ST)	Filter	Ventilation technology; provides an extended ventilation zone	Gases and vapour-phase constituents; reduced overall exposure