Table 4.

Comparison of Outcomes in the Intervention and Control Arms

Outcome	Intervention (N = 410)				Control (N = 386)				p-Value*	p-Value†
	T1	T2	δ‡	d§	T1	T2	δ‡	d§
Total Smoking Media Literacy (SML)||	1.84	2.08	0.24	0.46	1.87	1.95	0.08	0.16	<.001	.001
SML Subscale 1	2.04	2.29	0.25	0.35	2.10	2.10	0.00	0.01	<.001	.001
SML Subscale 2	1.70	1.97	0.27	0.52	1.72	1.83	0.11	0.21	<.001	<.001
SML Subscale 3	2.00	2.15	0.15	0.24	2.03	2.10	0.07	0.10	.16	.26
Total General Media Literacy (ML)||	2.04	2.12	0.08	0.16	2.09	2.07	−0.02	0.04	.01	.06
ML Subscale 1	1.87	2.04	0.17	0.24	1.93	1.93	0.00	0.01	.002	.01
ML Subscale 2	2.08	2.14	0.06	0.10	2.15	2.11	−0.04	0.08	.03	.12
ML Subscale 3	2.06	2.14	0.08	0.12	2.10	2.11	0.01	0.01	.19	.34
Total Cigarette Attitudes||	0.58	0.80	0.22	0.41	0.58	0.78	0.20	0.38	.70	.69
Total perceived success of smokers||	0.92	0.96	0.04	0.05	0.87	0.93	0.06	0.08	.61	.82
Total perceived prevalence (%)	64.0	50.0	−14.0	0.76	63.1	58.5	−4.60	0.25	<.001	<.001

^*t-tests comparing differences between intervention and control outcomes.

^†Controlling for clustering and age, gender, race, maternal education, grades, parenting style, sensation seeking, and rebelliousness.

^‡Differences between follow-up and baseline.

^§Cohen’s d, a measure of effect size.

^||Media literacy (smoking-specific and general, as well as all subscales), attitudes, and the first normative beliefs scale (“perceived success of smokers”) were scaled to continuous figures with a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 3.

^¶The second normative beliefs scale (“perceived prevalence”) utilized figures between 0 and 100 representing the average perceived prevalence for smoking.