Table 2.

Use of different treatment modalities in patients with VCD undergoing psychological interventions.

Reference	Speech Therapy	Psychotherapy	Medications – Anti-depressants	Medications – Anxiolytics	Hypnotherapy	Cognitive–behavioral therapy	Biofeedback	Others
Varney et al. (6)	+*	+*	+
Maturo et al. (16)	+*				+*		+*	Anti-reflux therapy, botulinum toxin
Richards-Mauze et al. (17)						+
Freedman et al. (18)		+	+*
Anbar (19)					+
Christopher et al. (5)	+	+
Selner et al. (20)		+					+
Earles et al. (21)							+
Craig et al. (22)	+	+
Warnes et al. (23)	+						+
Thurston et al. (24)	+	+	+	+
Corren et al. (25)	+	+						Heliox
Anbar et al. (26)	+				+
Smith et al. (27)					+
Caraon et al. (28)					+
bROWN et al. (29)		+	+

*Not all patients in this study received this intervention.