TABLE 2.
Medication Adherence Outcomes at 12-month Follow-up
| Measures* | Program | Usual Care | P | Odds Ratio (95% CI)† | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medication compliance (MPR) | |||||
| Overall, N (%) | 785 (80.8) | 4367 (36.4) | < 0.0001 | 7.8 (6.5–9.4) | < 0.001 |
| Drug class groups | |||||
| Neurological, N (%) | 468 (83.0) | 3031 (49.9) | < 0.0001 | 4.9 (3.8–6.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Oral hypoglycemics, N (%) | 245 (78.0) | 1156 (39.1) | < 0.0001 | 7.2 (5.2–10.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Gastrointestinal, N (%) | 407 (80.1) | 1923 (39.6) | < 0.0001 | 6.2 (4.8–8.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Hormone, N (%) | 263 (66.6) | 1410 (37.7) | < 0.0001 | 3.6 (2.8–4.6) | < 0.0001 |
| Antihypertensives, N (%) | 594 (83.7) | 3237 (41.4) | < 0.0001 | 7.6 (6.1–9.6) | < 0.0001 |
| Lipotropics, N (%) | 465 (83.3) | 2362 (43.7) | < 0.0001 | 6.8 (5.3–8.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Psychoactives, N (%) | 550 (81.5) | 3025 (43.0) | < 0.0001 | 5.8 (4.6–7.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Respiratory, N (%) | 188 (69.9) | 659 (34.5) | < 0.0001 | 4.4 (3.1–6.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Blood modifiers, N (%) | 127 (84.1) | 587 (43.6) | < 0.0001 | 8.9 (5.3–14.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Antiarrhythmics, N (%) | 28 (87.5) | 167 (40.4) | < 0.0001 | 10.8 (3.2–36.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Medication persistence (PDC) | |||||
| Overall, N (%) | 553 (56.9) | 2649 (22.1) | < 0.0001 | 5.1 (4.4–6.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Drug class groups | |||||
| Neurological, N (%) | 364 (64.5) | 1822 (30.0) | < 0.0001 | 4.7 (3.8–5.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Oral hypoglycemics, N (%) | 200 (63.7) | 850 (28.8) | < 0.0001 | 6.5 (4.8–8.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Gastrointestinal, N (%) | 328 (64.6) | 1453 (30.0) | < 0.0001 | 5.1 (4.0–6.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Hormone, N (%) | 236 (59.8) | 1185 (31.7) | < 0.0001 | 3.5 (2.7–4.6) | < 0.0001 |
| Antihypertensives, N (%) | 467 (65.8) | 2096 (26.8) | < 0.0001 | 5.5 (4.6–6.7) | < 0.0001 |
| Lipotropics, N (%) | 365 (65.4) | 1622 (30.0) | < 0.0001 | 5.0 (4.0–6.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Psychoactives, N (%) | 408 (60.4) | 2099 (29.8) | < 0.0001 | 3.7 (3.1–4.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Respiratory, N (%) | 149 (55.4) | 547 (28.7) | < 0.0001 | 3.8 (2.7–5.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Blood modifiers, N (%) | 104 (68.9) | 425 (31.5) | < 0.0001 | 6.5 (4.1–10.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Antiarrhythmics, N (%) | 23 (71.9) | 122 (29.5) | < 0.0001 | 6.8 (2.5–18.6) | 0.0002 |
*
Compliance and persistence were defined as MPR and PDC ≥ 0.8, respectively, for each patient.
†
Estimated using multivariate logistic regression models for each therapeutic medication class. Separate models used the dependent variable of compliance or persistence with the independent variables of age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, county of residence, type of care management, total number of Elixhauser comorbidities,21 and number of unique prescriptions medications taken during the 12-month preindex period.
CI indicates confidence interval; MPR, medication possession ratio; PDC, proportion of days covered.