Table 1.
Demographic and clinical variables of the study participants
| fMRI |
EEG/ERP |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TDC (N = 21 males) |
ASD (N = 24 males) |
TDC (N = 20, 2 females) |
ASD (N = 20, 2 females) |
|||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P | |
| Age | 19.3 | 3.4 | 18.4 | 2.8 | 0.33 | 21.0 | 3.3 | 20.4 | 4.3 | 0.63 |
| IQ | 111.5 | 10.3 | 107.0 | 11.2 | 0.18 | 109.7 | 14.3 | 105.7 | 6.9 | 0.45 |
| TAS-20-C | 47.3 | 2.8 | 61.7 | 3.8 | <0.001 | 48.7 | 6.1 | 62.2 | 4.4 | <0.001 |
| ADI-R | ||||||||||
| Social | — | — | 19.5 | 7.2 | — | — | — | 19.8 | 6.4 | — |
| Comm. | — | — | 15.6 | 6.3 | — | — | — | 16.2 | 5.8 | — |
| Repeti. | — | — | 4.9 | 2.2 | — | — | — | 5.3 | 2.7 | — |
| UNPLE | 3.3 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.8 | <0.001 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 0.66 |
| PPT | 2.9 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 0.3 | <0.001 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0.008 |
TDC, typically developing control; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; IQ, intelligence quotient; TAS-20-C, Chinese translation of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale; ADI-R, Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised; Social, social interaction (cuff-off = 10); Comm., communication (cut-off = 8); Repeti., repetitive behavior (cut-off = 3); UNPLE, unpleasantness ratings; PPT, pressure pain threshold (kg/cm2).