Fig. 1.

Experimental paradigm. Subjects were presented with three films each containing a 2-min mother–infant interaction as follows. (i) Interaction between a mother diagnosed with postpartum depression and her infant containing minimal maternal behavior and no social synchrony. (ii) Interaction between a healthy mother and her infant containing adequate amount of maternal behavior and social synchrony. (iii) Interaction between a mother diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and her infant containing minimal social synchrony. Clips were previewed by rest with fixation period of 1 min. A rest with fixation periods of 15–18 s was presented between films.