Table 1.
The Young's Modulus and crosssectional areas for each spinal ligament
| Young's Modulus (MPa) | Cross-Sectional Area (mm2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| ALL | C23 | 20.6 (<11%), 25.06 (>11%) | 12.78 |
| C34 | 5.77 (<11%), 12.84 (>11%) | 14.42 | |
| C45 | 8.95 (<11%), 12.94 (>11%) | 12.49 | |
| C56 | 17.428 (<11%), 20.62 (>11%) | 9.19 | |
| C67 | 0.86 (<11%), 16.496 (>11%) | 11.61 | |
| PLL | C23 | 16.73 (<11%), 59.94 (>11%) | 6.92 |
| C34 | 1.62 (<27%), 28.264 (>27%) | 7.46 | |
| C45 | 0.33 (<11%), 50.61 (>11%) | 12.49 | |
| C56 | 1.65 (<27%), 11.10 (>27%) | 5.86 | |
| C67 | 0.68 (<27%), 7.21 (>27%) | 4.48 | |
| CL | C23 | 4.08 (<5%), 56.88 (>5%) | 84.97 |
| C34 | 2.87 (<32%), 33.19 (>32%) | 109.06 | |
| C45 | 2.55 (<37%), 34.91 (>37%) | 92.55 | |
| C56 | 1.88 (<27%), 50.61 (>27%) | 77.35 | |
| C67 | 1.24 (<27%), 23.51 (>27%) | 72.73 | |
| IS | C23 | 3.04 (<11%), 68.03 (>11%) | 32.74 |
| C34 | 1.22 (<15%), 58.74(>15%) | 28.98 | |
| C45 | 0.82 (<27%), 33.23 (>27%) | 23.86 | |
| C56 | 1.37 (<27%), 52.05 (>27%) | 15.08 | |
| C67 | 2.76 (<37%), 41.08 (>37%) | 16.53 | |
| LF | C23 | >52.64 (<5%), 120.43 (>5%) | 17.22 |
| C34 | 1.89 (<27%), 40.78 (>27%) | 24.15 | |
| C45 | 2.65 (<37%), 52.23 (>37%) | 22.76 | |
| C56 | 1.03 (<27%), 100.83 (>27%) | 9.95 | |
| C67 | 2.22 (<37%), 70.90 (>37%) | 14.13 | |