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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 11.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Psychiatry. 2013 May;70(5):522–533. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.678

Table 2.

Biochemically Verified Abstinence Rates by Treatment Group

Continuous Abstinence (2-week grace)1
% Abstinent (N)
Continuous Abstinence (FDA)2
% Abstinent (N)
Prolonged Abstinence3
% Abstinent (N)
7-Day Point Prevalence4
% Abstinent (N)
End of Treatment5
Bupropion Group (B) (N=102) 36.3 (37) 39.2 (40) 46.1 (47) 49.0 (50)
Placebo Group (P) (N=106) 17.0 (18) 18.9 (20) 26.4 (28) 28.3 (30)
Varenicline Group (V) (N=86) 43.0 (37) 47.7 (41) 58.1 (50) 58.1 (50)
OR (95% CI): B vs. P 2.78 (1.46,5.32) 2.77 (1.48,5.20) 2.38 (1.33,4.25) 2.44 (1.37,4.32)
OR (95% CI): V vs. P 3.69 (1.90,7.16) 3.92 (2.06,7.47) 3.87 (2.11,7.11) 3.52 (1.93,6.42)
OR (95% CI): V vs. B 1.33 (0.74,2.39) 1.41 (0.79,2.42) 1.62 (0.91,2.90) 1.44 (0.81,2.58)
Wald Chi-Square for Group χ2(2)= 15.87, p<.0004 χ2(2)= 18.10, p<.0001 χ2(2)= 19.55, p<.0001) χ2(2)= 17.95, p<.0
3 month Follow-up6
Bupropion Group 35.3 (36) 37.2 (38) 41.2 (42) 43.1 (44)
Placebo Group 16.0 (17) 17.0 (18) 25.5 (27) 31.1 (33)
Varenicline Group 39.5 (34) 43.0 (37) 53.5 (46) 58.1 (50)
OR (95% CI): B vs. P 2.86 (1.48,5.52) 2.90 (1.52,5.54) 2.05 (1.14,3.69) 1.68 (0.95,2.96)
OR (95% CI): V vs. P 3.42 (1.74,6.72) 3.69 (1.90,7.16) 3.37 (1.83,6.18) 3.07 (1.70,5.56)
OR (95% CI): V vs. B 1.20 (0.66,2.17) 1.27 (0.71,2.28) 1.64 (0.92,2.93) 1.83 (1.02,3.27)
Wald Chi-Square for Group χ2(2)= 14.21, p<.0008 χ2(2)= 16.22, p=.0003 χ2(2)= 15.40, p<.0005 χ2(2)= 13.73, p<.0
6 month Follow-up7
Bupropion Group 22.5 (23) 22.5 (23) 26.5 (27) 28.4 (29)
Placebo Group 14.1 (15) 14.1 (15) 17.9 (19) 23.6 (25)
Varenicline Group 27.9 (24) 27.9 (24) 38.4 (33) 37.2 (32)
OR (95% CI): B vs. P 1.77 (0.86,3.62) 1.77 (0.86,3.62) 1.65 (0.85,3.20) 1.29 (0.69,2.40)
OR (95% CI): V vs. P 2.35 (1.14,4.83) 2.35 (1.14,4.83) 2.85 (1.47,5.51) 1.92 (1.03,3.59)
OR (95% CI): V vs. B 1.33 (0.69, 2.58) 1.33 (0.68,2.58) 1.73 (0.93,3.21) 1.49 (0.81,2.76)
Wald Chi-Square for Group χ2(2)= 5.45, p<.06 χ2(2)= 5.45, p<.07 χ2(2)= 9.80, p<.008 χ2(2)= 4.26, p<.12
1

Continuous abstinence (2-week grace)-no smoking on any day beginning with the end of the Grace Period, defined as 2 weeks after Quit Day.

2

Continuous abstinence (FDA)-no smoking on any day beginning with the last 4 weeks of treatment, or week 8 of medication.

3

Prolonged abstinence-relapse is defined by smoking for 7 or more consecutive days or by smoking at least 1 cigarette over two consecutive weeks beginning with the end of the 2-week Grace period.

4

7-day point prevalence is defined as no smoking in the last seven days of the given time period.

5

Occurs 10 weeks post Quit Date and is the end of pharmacotherapy

6

Occurs 3 months post Quit Date or 2 weeks following the end of pharmacotherapy

7

Occurs 6 months post Quit Date or 14 weeks following the end of pharmacotherapy