Table 3.

Characteristics of Providers and Staff by Spanish Language and Cultural Awareness Scores (N=620) ^{◊ *}

	Spanish language score					Cultural awareness score
	High		Moderate or low			High		Moderate or low
	n	%	n	%	p-value	n	%	n	%	p-value
All Respondents	73	12	536	88		118	20	487	81
Respondent characteristics
Type of provider and staff†					0.14					0.32
Physicians	32	14	203	86		44	19	189	81
Advanced Practice Nurses	9	7	115	93		28	23	95	77
Physician Assistants	9	16	49	84		14	24	45	76
Registered Nurses	1	2	46	98		8	17	38	83
Medical Assistants	4	10	38	90		4	10	38	90
Licensed Practical Nurses	1	4	23	96		2	8	22	92
Age (Mean ± SD ), years	43.2(11)		46.1(12)		0.05	46.8(10)		45.5(12)		0.29
Gender					0.93					0.51
Male	19	12	140	88		33	21	124	79
Female	54	12	388	88		82	19	359	81
Ethnicity					<.0001					<.0001
Non-Latino	44	8	520	92		94	17	467	83
Latino	29	74	10	26		21	54	18	46
Years practicing (Mean ± SD)	12.8(10)		13.8(11)		0.46	13.9(10)		13.7(11)		0.92
Workplace characteristics
Site locale
Urban	58	15	333	85	0.007	74	19	313	81	0.15
Suburban	6	11	51	89	0.24	5	9	53	91	0.02
Rural	9	6	149	94	ref	39	25	118	75	ref
Percentage of provider and staff’s diabetes patients who are Latino
0%	3	3	93	97	ref	4	4	88	96	ref
<=25%	11	4	249	96	0.64	33	13	229	87	0.04
26–50%	11	9	107	91	0.09	23	20	93	80	0.003
51–75%	12	20	48	80	0.003	24	40	36	60	<.0001
76–100%	34	52	31	48	<.0001	33	51	32	49	<.0001
Cultural competency training and access
Cultural competency training										0.0001
Have received training		-	-	-	-	102	24	324	76
Have never received   training		-	-	-	-	15	9	161	91
Access to cultural competency training‡										0.006
Have access to training		-	-	-	-	66	28	167	72
Do not have access to   training		-	-	-	-	43	17	207	83

^◊P-values were calculated using a generalized linear mixed model to adjust for clustering by site

^*Due to rounding, not all percentages add up to 100.

^†The bivariate analysis by provider/staff type was only conducted for top six types of providers/staff (n=538). Others were dropped because of missing job title data (n=5) or the inability to assess differences using the model due to few respondents (n=77).

^‡Question only asked of providers who reported seeing Latino patients (n=512)