Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics, by Treatment Group*
| Characteristic | Total (n = 286) | Placebo (n = 140) | Salsalate (n = 146) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Mean age (SD), y | 55.8 (9.6) | 55.8 (10.0) | 55.8 (9.2) |
|
| |||
| Male sex | 156 (54.5) | 74 (52.9) | 82 (56.2) |
| Race/ethnicity† | |||
|
| |||
| White | 151 (52.8) | 75 (53.6) | 76 (52.1) |
|
| |||
| Black | 95 (33.2) | 47 (33.6) | 48 (32.9) |
|
| |||
| Other | 40 (14.0) | 18 (12.9) | 22 (15.1) |
|
| |||
| BMI (SD), kg/m2 | 33.3 (6.7) | 33.2 (6.8) | 33.3 (6.7) |
|
| |||
| Median time since diabetes diagnosis (min, max), y | 4.9 (0.1, 38.3) | 4.9 (0.2, 35.0) | 5.3 (0.1, 38.3) |
|
| |||
| Medical history | |||
| Established CVD‡ | 32 (11.2) | 14 (10.0) | 18 (12.3) |
|
| |||
| Hypertension§ | 208 (72.7) | 101 (72.1) | 107 (73.3) |
|
| |||
| Dyslipidemia∥ | 199 (69.6) | 97 (69.3) | 102 (69.9) |
|
| |||
| Family history¶ of T1DM | 13 (4.5) | 6 (4.3) | 7 (4.8) |
|
| |||
| Family history¶ of T2DM | 190 (66.4) | 93 (66.4) | 97 (66.4) |
|
| |||
| Family history¶ of CVD | 163 (57.0) | 82 (58.6) | 81 (55.5) |
|
| |||
| Taking diabetes medications Metformin | 252 (88.1) | 124 (88.6) | 128 (87.7) |
|
| |||
| Insulin secretagogue | 149 (52.1) | 65 (46.4) | 84 (57.5) |
|
| |||
| α-Glucosidase inhibitor | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) |
|
| |||
| DPP-4 inhibitor | 43 (15.0) | 20 (14.3) | 23 (15.8) |
|
| |||
| Lifestyle only (no diabetes drugs) | 13 (4.5) | 7 (5.0) | 6 (4.1) |
|
| |||
| Taking 1 diabetes medication | 117 (40.9) | 62 (44.3) | 55 (37.7) |
|
| |||
| Taking 2 diabetes medications | 140 (49.0) | 66 (47.1) | 74 (50.7) |
|
| |||
| Taking 3 diabetes medications | 16 (5.6) | 5 (3.6) | 11 (7.5) |
|
| |||
| Taking lipid medications** | 180 (62.9) | 85 (60.7) | 95 (65.1) |
|
| |||
| Statin | 171 (59.8) | 80 (57.1) | 91 (62.3) |
|
| |||
| Other lipid medications | 28 (9.8) | 13 (9.3) | 15 (10.3) |
|
| |||
| Taking antihypertensive medications†† | 185 (64.7) | 91 (65.0) | 94 (64.4) |
|
| |||
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 159 (55.6) | 75 (53.6) | 84 (57.5) |
|
| |||
| Other antihypertensive medications | 111 (38.8) | 62 (44.3) | 49 (33.6) |
|
| |||
| Taking low-dose aspirin‡‡ | 116 (40.6) | 57 (40.7) | 59 (40.4) |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB = angiotensin-receptor blocker; BMI = body mass index; CVD = cardiovascular disease; DPP-4 = dipeptidyl peptidase-4; max = maximum; min = minimum; T1DM = type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.
All values are numbers (percentages) unless otherwise indicated. Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding.
Patients appearing in >1 category are grouped with “other.”
A history of stroke, angina, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
Systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg or taking antihypertensive drugs, including loop, thiazide, or potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium-channel blockers, peripheral α-blockers, central α-adrenergic agonists, β-blockers, vasodilators, or reserpine.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level >3.89 mmol/L (>150 mg/dL) or taking cholesterol-lowering drugs, including bile acid sequestrants, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins), fibrates, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, niacin, and nicotinic acid.
First-degree relatives.
Some participants take statins and “other” lipid medications.
Some participants take ACE inhibitors or ARBs and “other” antihypertensive agents.
81–325 mg/d.