Table 2.
Basic demographic characteristics of the cases and controls
| Demographic characteristics | Cases (N = 105) | Controls (N = 135) | Test | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paternal age at birth of child (years) | 33.9 ± 7.1 | 34.24 ± 6.9 | 0.15 | 0.71 |
| Maternal age at birth of child (years) | 27.9 ± 6.1 | 28.1 ± 6.0 | 0.45 | 0.59 |
| Child’s age at the interview (years) | 3.2 ± 2.8 | 2.9 ± 2.8 | 0.7 | 0.43 |
| Child’s sex | ||||
| Male | 70 (66.7) | 50 (73.7) | 2.7 | 0.05 |
| Female | 35 (33.3) | 85 (26.3) | ||
| Paternal educational level | ||||
| Illiterate | 14 (13.3) | 19 (14.1) | 0.1 | 0.96 |
| Read and write/primary school | 15 (14.3) | 20 (14.8) | ||
| Preparatory/secondary school | 41 (39.1) | 52 (38.5) | ||
| University graduate or higher | 35 (33.3) | 44 (32.6) | ||
| Maternal educational level | ||||
| Illiterate | 11 (10.5) | 15 (10.7) | 4.3 | 0.18 |
| Read and write/primary school | 19 (18.1) | 23 (17.4) | ||
| Preparatory/secondary school | 51 (48.5) | 64 (47.0) | ||
| University graduate or higher | 24 (22.9) | 33 (24.8) | ||
| Family residence | ||||
| Rural | 77 (73.3) | 102 (75.6) | 0.4 | 0.29 |
| Urban | 28 (26.7) | 33 (24.4) | ||
| Family income | ||||
| Sufficient | 45 (42.9) | 64 (47.8) | 1.5 | 0.22 |
| Not sufficient | 60 (57.1) | 71 (52.2) | ||
| Paternal smoking | ||||
| Non-smoker | 43 (41) | 65 (48.1) | 2.6 | 0.19 |
| Current smoker | 62 (59) | 70 (51.9) | ||
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation or as the number of cases or controls, with the percentage in parenthesis