Table 1.

Walker and Avant concept analysis steps

Step	Used in this concept analysis
1. Select the concept	Yes (dictionary definition-methods)
2. Determining the aim or purpose of the analysis	Yes (research question and aim-methods)
3. Identifying all the known uses of the concept	Yes (literature review-methods and results)
4. Determining the defining attributes	Yes (literature review- results)
5. Identifying a model case (“real life” example, which contains all of the critical attributes	No
6. Identifying any of the borderline, related, contrary, invented and illegitimate cases	No
7. Identifying antecedents and consequences	Yes (literature review- results)
8. Identifying empirical referents