Table 1. Baseline characteristics.
| Abbreviated HIV counselling and testing (n=1031) |
Traditional HIV counselling and testing (n=1035) |
Enhanced linkage to care (n=504) |
Standard linkage to care (n=499) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV positive | 506 (49%) | 497 (48%) | 504 (100%) | 499 (100%) |
|
| ||||
| Median CD4 cell count (IQR; cells per μL) | ·· | ·· | 257 (126–427) | 317 (140–503) |
|
| ||||
| Median age (IQR; years) | 30 (25–38) | 30 (25–38) | 31 (27–38) | 32 (27–38) |
|
| ||||
| Men | 456 (44%) | 424 (41%) | 187 (37%) | 191 (38%) |
|
| ||||
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 442 (43%) | 427 (41%) | 218 (43%) | 200 (40%) |
| Previously married | 323 (31%) | 337 (33%) | 218 (43%) | 217 (43%) |
| Never married | 265 (26%) | 271 (26%) | 68 (13%) | 82 (16%) |
| Missing data | 1 (<1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
|
| ||||
| Education | ||||
| No formal education | 55 (5%) | 50 (5%) | 31 (6%) | 32 (6%) |
| Primary school | 464 (45%) | 477 (46%) | 278 (55%) | 253 (51%) |
| Secondary or tertiary school | 510 (49%) | 507 (49%) | 194 (38%) | 213 (43%) |
| Missing data | 2 (<1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
|
| ||||
| Employment | ||||
| Labourer | 344 (33%) | 327 (32%) | 159 (32%) | 178 (36%) |
| Business, sales, or technical | 438 (43%) | 464 (45%) | 204 (40%) | 227 (45%) |
| Other | 248 (24%) | 244 (24%) | 141 (28%) | 94 (19%) |
|
| ||||
| Household wealth | ||||
| High | 142 (14%) | 180 (17%) | 59 (12%) | 77 (15%) |
| Middle | 390 (38%) | 421 (41%) | 197 (39%) | 180 (36%) |
| Low | 494 (48%) | 432 (42%) | 244 (48%) | 241 (48%) |
| Missing data | 5 (<1%) | 2 (<1%) | 4 (1%) | 1 (<1%) |
|
| ||||
| Frequency that household members go hungry | ||||
| Often | 26 (3%) | 27 (3%) | 16 (3%) | 14 (3%) |
| Sometimes | 133 (13%) | 111 (11%) | 62 (12%) | 72 (14%) |
| Seldom | 103 (10%) | 98 (9%) | 62 (12%) | 50 (10%) |
| Never | 750 (73%) | 778 (75%) | 348 (69%) | 352 (71%) |
| Missing data | 19 (2%) | 17 (2%) | 16 (3%) | 11 (2%) |
|
| ||||
| Recruitment site | ||||
| Inpatient ward | 196 (19%) | 206 (20%) | 90 (18%) | 95 (19%) |
| Outpatient ward | 695 (67%) | 708 (68%) | 325 (64%) | 325 (65%) |
| Emergency or casualty department | 140 (14%) | 121 (12%) | 89 (18%) | 79 (16%) |
|
| ||||
| Previous treatment in a clinic | ||||
| None | 746 (72%) | 748 (72%) | 372 (74%) | 364 (73%) |
| >12 months ago | 17 (2%) | 13 (1%) | 8 (2%) | 2 (<1%) |
| ≤12 months ago | 123 (12%) | 135 (13%) | 60 (12%) | 65 (13%) |
| Don't know or declined | 145 (14%) | 139 (13%) | 64 (13%) | 68 (14%) |
|
| ||||
| Number of sexual partners in the past 12 months | ||||
| 0 | 256 (25%) | 241 (23%) | 139 (28%) | 117 (23%) |
| 1 | 552 (54%) | 560 (54%) | 268 (53%) | 263 (53%) |
| 2–5 | 201 (19%) | 214 (21%) | 86 (17%) | 107 (21%) |
| >5 | 16 (2%) | 10 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 6 (1%) |
| Missing data | 6 (1%) | 10 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 6 (1% |
|
| ||||
| Any unprotected sex in the past 3 months | 510 (49%) | 545 (53%) | 248 (49%) | 246 (49%) |
|
| ||||
| Last alcohol use | ||||
| Never | 459 (45%) | 443 (43%) | 186 (37%) | 187 (37%) |
| >3 months ago | 269 (26%) | 278 (27%) | 156 (31%) | 141 (28%) |
| ≤3 months ago | 299 (29%) | 308 (30%) | 160 (32%) | 168 (34%) |
| Missing data | 4 (<1%) | 6 (1%) | 2 (<1%) | 3 (1%) |
Data are n (%) or median (IQR).