Table 2.
Characteristics of E. coli intI+-strains detected in this study.
| Straina | Phylogroup | Antibiotic resistance (and Intermediary) phenotypeb | pDNA repliconsc | intI1 | intI2 | Pc promoterd | Class 1 integron | Pc2 promotere | Class 2 integron | Conjugationf | Locationg | Accession no(s). |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F38 | A1 | STR, TET | n.d. | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921520 | ||
| F109 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, NAL, CIP, TET, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921521 | ||
| F120 | B1 | STR, TET, STX | Frep, K | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921522 | ||
| F202 | D2 | GEN, STR, TET | Frep, FIB, I1 | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921523 | ||
| A4 | A0 | AMP, (AMC), AML, (CEF), PRL, STR, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | + | PcS | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | n.d. | intI2-estX-sat2-aadA1-yebA | + [Frep] | P | KF921524; KF921591 |
| A9 | A1 | AMP, (AMC), AML, PRL, (CAZ), CEF, CTX, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, (CHL), STX | n.d. | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | P | KF921525 | ||
| A85 | A1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), GEN, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, STX | Frep, FIB, I1 | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | C | KF921526 | ||
| A237 | A0 | AMP, (AMC), AML, PRL, CEF, CTX, (STR), NAL, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | C | KF921527 | ||
| A300 | A1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcS | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | C | KF921528 | ||
| F31 | A0 | (AMP), (AML), (CEF), STR, TET, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | C | KF921529 | ||
| F33 | A0 | NAL, (STR), TET, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | C | KF921530 | ||
| F63 | A0 | AMP, AML, (AMC), PRL, CEF, STR, TET, CHL, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | P | KF921531 | ||
| F180 | B1 | STR, CHL, STX | Frep, N | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | P | KF921532 | ||
| E109 | B1 | AMP, AML, AMC, PRL, (CEF), (STR), TET, (CHL), STX | n.d. | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | P | KF921533 | ||
| E137 | A1 | AMP, AML, AMC, PRL, IPM, STR, TET, CHL, STX | I1 | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-tniC | – | C | KF921534 | ||
| F123 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, TET, STX | Y | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-dfrA14-IS26 | – | C | KF921535 | ||
| F192 | B1 | STR, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA17-3CS | – | C | KF921536 | ||
| A57 | A0 | AMP, AML, (AMC), (PRL), CEF, GEN, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, STX | FIA, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-dfrA17-IS1 | – | P | KF921537 | ||
| F29 | B1 | AMP, AML, AMC, PRL, (CEF), NAL, CIP, (STR), TET, CHL, (STX) | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-dfrA17-IS26 | – | C | KF921538 | ||
| A7 | A1 | AMP, (AMC), AML, (CAZ), PRL, CEF, CTX, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, (CHL), STX | Frep, FIB, I1 | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921539 | |
| A25 | A1 | AMP, AML, (PRL), (CEF), STR, TET, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921540 | ||
| A47 | A1 | AMP, AML, (PRL), STR, TET, STX | Frep | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921541 | ||
| A62 | A1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, NAL, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921542 | ||
| A94 | A1 | AMP, AML, (PRL), (CEF), STR, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921543 | ||
| A102 | D1 | AMP, AML, (PRL), STR, CIP, TET, CHL | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921544 | |
| A154 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921545 | ||
| F11 | D1 | AMP, AML, PRL, STR, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921546 | ||
| F17 | D1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | C | KF921547 | ||
| F65 | B1 | AMP, (AMC), AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, NAL, CIP, TET, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921548 | |
| F351 | B1 | AMP, (AMC), AML, (PRL), STR, NAL, CIP, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB, I1 | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921549 | |
| F358 | B1 | AMP, ([AMC]), AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, STX | Frep, FIB, I1 | + | – | PcW | intI1-dfrA1-aadA1-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB, I1] | P | KF921550 | |
| A108 | B1 | AMP, AML, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-dfrA17-aadA5-3CS | – | P | KF921551 | ||
| A180 | B1 | AMP, AML, (PRL), STR, NAL, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-dfrA17-aadA5-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921552 | |
| E108 | B1 | AMP, AML, AMC, PRL, ([CEF]), IPM, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcS | intI1-aacA4-catB3-dfrA1-3CS | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921553 | |
| F255 | A1 | AMP, AML, PRL, GEN, STR, NAL, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1-aadB-aadA1-ISUnCu1-3CS | – | C | KF921554 | ||
| E80 | B1 | STR, (NAL), (CIP), CHL | I1 | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-aadA2-linF-IS26-ISKp19(trunc.)-qnrS1 | – | + [I1] | P | KF921555 | |
| A172 | D1 | AMP, (AMC), AML, PRL, CEF, GEN, STR, NAL, CIP, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921556 | ||
| A33 | A0 | AMP, (AMC), AML, (PRL), (IPM), STR, TET, CHL, STX | I1 | + | + | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | Pc2A | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921557; KF921594 | |
| A107 | D1 | AMP, AML, PRL, STR, TET, CHL | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921558 | ||
| A110 | A0 | (STR), (NAL), (CIP) | Frep | + | + | PcW | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | n.d. | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921559; KF921597 | |
| A127 | D1 | AMP, AML, PRL, STR, CIP, TET, CHL | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921560 | ||
| A128 | D1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, NAL, CIP, TET, STX | FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | P | KF921561 | ||
| A148 | D1 | AMP, AML, PRL, STR, TET, CHL | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921562 | |
| A176 | D2 | STR, CHL | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcW | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921563 | ||
| A182 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, (CHL) | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | n.d. | – | C | KF921564 | |
| F18 | A0 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, CHL, STX | n.d. | + | + | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | n.d. | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921565; KF921600 | |
| F317 | A0 | AMP, AML, PRL, (NAL), TET, CHL | Frep | + | – | PcW | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921566 | ||
| F368 | A0 | AMP, AML, (PRL), (NAL), (CIP), STR, TET, (CHL), STX | n.d. | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921567 | ||
| F380 | B1 | AMP, (AMC), AML, PRL, CEF, NAL, CIP, (STR), TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcW | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921568 | ||
| E3 | B1 | (STR), TET | Frep | + | – | PcH1 | intI1-estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921569 | ||
| A30 | A0 | AMP, AML, (IPM), GEN, STR, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, I1 | + | + | PcS | intI1-dfrA12-orfF-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | n.d. | intI2-estX-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921570; KF921593 | |
| A49 | A1 | CEF, STR, TET, CHL, STX | Frep | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-orfF-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1-qacH-IS440-sul3 | – | C | KF921571 | ||
| F278 | A1 | AMP, AML, PRL, STR, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB, I1, N | + | + | PcWTGN-10 | intI1-dfrA12-orfF-aadA2-cmlA-1aadA1-qacH-IS440-IS10-sul3 | Pc2A-Pc2B | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921572; KF921601 | |
| A115 | D1 | (STR), TET | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | C | KF921573 | ||
| A222 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, NAL, CIP, STX | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | P | KF921574 | ||
| A270 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, NAL, CIP, TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921575 | |
| A280 | B1 | STR, TET, STX | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | C | KF921576 | ||
| F20 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, (CIP), TET, CHL, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | C | KF921577 | ||
| F42 | A1 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, NAL, CIP, TET, CHL (STX) | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | C | KF921578 | ||
| F59 | B1 | AMP, [AMC], AML, PRL, ([CEF]), (IPM), STR, TET, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | + [Frep, FIB] | P | KF921579 | |
| F84 | A1 | AMP, AML, (PRL), (CEF), (STR), (NAL), TET | n.d. | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | C | KF921580 | ||
| F140 | B1 | STR, NAL, CIP, STX | Frep, FIB | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | C | KF921581 | ||
| F153 | A0 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), (STR), TET, STX | Frep | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | C | KF921582 | ||
| F154 | B1 | AMP, AML, PRL, STR, NAL, CIP, STX | Frep | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | + [Frep] | P | KF921583 | |
| F158 | D2 | AMP, AML, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, STX | FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | + [FIB] | P | KF921584 | |
| F217 | D2 | GEN, STR, TET | Frep, I1 | + | – | PcW-P2 | intI1 | – | C | KF921585 | ||
| F354 | A0 | TET, STX | n.d. | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | C | KF921586 | ||
| F355 | A0 | ([AMP]), ([AML]), [CEF], GEN, STR, TET, CHL | I1 | + | – | PcWTGN-10 | intI1 | – | + [I1] | P | KF921587 | |
| F357 | D2 | AMP, AML, (PRL), STR, TET, STX | Frep | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | C | KF921588 | ||
| E18 | D2 | AMP, AML, PRL, (IPM), STR, CIP, TET, STX | FIB | + | – | PcW | intI1 | – | C | KF921589 | ||
| E77 | A0 | (STR) | n.d. | + | – | PcH1 | intI1 | – | C | KF921590 | ||
| A6 | A0 | AMP, AML, AMC, PRL, (CEF), STR, TET, CHL | n.d. | – | + | – | – | n.d. | intI2-estX-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921592 | |
| A93 | A0 | TET, (STR), STX | n.d. | – | + | – | – | n.d. | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-ΔaadA1-yebA | C | KF921595 | |
| A109 | B1 | STR, NAL, TET | Frep, FIB | – | + | – | – | n.d. | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921596 | |
| A113 | B1 | (IPM), STR, NAL, TET | Frep | – | + | – | – | n.d. | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921598 | |
| A142 | B1 | STR, NAL, TET | Frep | – | + | – | – | n.d. | intI2-dfrA1-sat2-aadA1-yebA | C | KF921599 |
a
Strains A#, F#, and E# were obtained from beach waters, seagull feces and raw wastewaters, respectively.
b
AMP, ampicillin; AML, amoxicillin; AMC, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid; PRL, piperacillin; CEF, cefalothin; CAZ, ceftazidime; CTX, cefotaxime; GEN, gentamicin; STR, streptomycin; IPM, imipenem; NAL, nalidixic acid; CIP, ciprofloxacin; TET, tetracycline; CHL, chloramphenicol; and STX, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.Intermediary resistance phenotypes are shown in brackets. Phenotypes shown by donors and transconjugants are highlighted in bold. Phenotypes observed in transconjugants but not in donors are shown in square brackets.
c
Plasmid incompatibility groups determined by replicon typing in E. coli donor strains; n.d., not detected.
d
Class 1 promoter variants: PcS, TTGACA-N17-TAAACT; PcW, TGGACA-N17-TAAGCT; PcH1, TGGACA-N17-TAAACT; PcH2, TTGACA-N17-TAAGCT; P2, TTGTTA-N17-TACAGT (Jové et al., 2010).
e
Class 2 promoter variants: Pc2A, TTTTAA-N17-TAAAAT; Pc2B, TTGTAT-N16-TTTAAT (Jové et al., 2010).
f
Transfer of intI-conjugative plasmids in mating assays; replicon types detected in intI-transconjugants are shown in square brackets.
g
Genomic location, as determined by mating assays and hybridization of plasmid and genomic DNA using intI probes: P, plasmid; C, chromosome.