Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Population and Mammography Screening Nonadhenrence Among Utah Women, Utah Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2008 and 2010
| Women aged 40–74 yearsa | Women aged 40–49 yearsa | Women aged 50–74 yearsa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted n Weighted n | 5197 416953 | No mammogram past 2 years | 1470 153435 | No mammogram past 2 years | 3727 263517 | No mammogram past 2 years | |||
| Characteristics | %b | %b(95% CI) | p-valuec | %b | %b(95% CI) | p-valuec | %b | %b(95% CI) | p-valuec |
| Total | 32.8 (31.1–34.5) | 43.1 (39.9–46.3) | 26.8 (24.9–28.7) | ||||||
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| 40–49 | 36.8 | 43.1 (39.9–46.3) | <0.0001 | ||||||
| 50–74 | 63.2 | 26.8 (24.9–28.7) | |||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 89.9 | 32.5 (30.7–34.3) | 0.355 | 86.0 | 42.9 (39.5–46.2) | 0.755 | 92.2 | 26.8 (24.8–28.8) | 0.816 |
| Other/unknown | 10.1 | 35.4 (29.3–41.5) | 14.0 | 44.5 (34.9–54.1) | 7.8 | 26.0 (19.1–32.9) | |||
| Income | |||||||||
| <$25,000 | 15.1 | 45.8 (41.2–50.3) | <0.0001 | 13.1 | 60.8 (51.7–69.9) | <0.0001 | 16.3 | 38.8 (34.1–43.5) | <0.0001 |
| $25,000 to $50,000 | 21.2 | 36.1 (32.4–39.9) | 16.8 | 52.4 (44.6–60.3) | 23.8 | 29.4 (25.4–33.5) | |||
| $50,000 to $75,000 | 19.5 | 32.0 (27.9–36.1) | 22.8 | 43.3 (36.3–50.2) | 17.6 | 23.5 (18.6–28.5) | |||
| >$75,000 | 32.5 | 26.0 (23.2–28.8) | 38.6 | 34.2 (29.5–38.8) | 28.9 | 19.6 (16.2–22.9) | |||
| Refused/unknown | 11.7 | 30.1 (25.3–34.8) | 8.7 | 37.5 (26.4–48.6) | 13.4 | 27.3 (22.4–32.2) | |||
| Educational attainment | |||||||||
| <High school | 4.5 | 48.6 (39.54–57.58) | <0.0001 | 4.9 | 57.4 (41.5–73.3) | 0.0377 | 4.3 | 42.8 (32.3–53.21) | <0.0001 |
| High school | 26.7 | 33.5 (30.2–36.8) | 23.2 | 43.6 (37.0–50.3) | 28.7 | 28.7 (25.0–32.4) | |||
| Some college | 36.3 | 34.7 (31.7–37.6) | 36.3 | 46.1 (40.5–51.6) | 36.2 | 28.0 (24.7–31.2) | |||
| College | 32.5 | 27.9 (25.1–30.7) | 35.6 | 37.7 (32.7–42.7) | 30.8 | 21.3 (18.2–24.4) | |||
| Smoking status | |||||||||
| Yes | 7.8 | 49.1 (43.06–55.24) | <0.0001 | 8.2 | 50.4 (39.9–60.8) | 0.1511 | 7.6 | 48.4 (40.9–55.8) | <0.0001 |
| No | 92.2 | 31.4(29.6–33.2) | 91.8 | 42.4 (39.1–45.7) | 92.4 | 25.1 (23.0–27.0) | |||
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | 21.6 | 38.5 (35.1–41.9) | 0.0002 | 17.2 | 52.5 (45.0–59.9) | 0.006 | 24.1 | 32.7 (29.3–36.2) | 0.0002 |
| Married/partner | 78.4 | 31.2 (29.2–33.2) | 82.8 | 41.1 (37.6–44.6) | 75.9 | 24.9 (22.6–27.2) | |||
| Regular physician | |||||||||
| No | 10.9 | 55.6 (50.2–61.0) | <0.0001 | 12.3 | 60.6 (51.8–69.4) | <0.0001 | 10.2 | 52.1 (45.2–58.9) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 89.1 | 30.0 (28.2–31.85) | 87.8 | 40.6 (37.2–44.0) | 89.8 | 23.9 (22.0–25.9) | |||
| Any health insurance coverage | |||||||||
| No | 9.6 | 59.0 (53.2–64.8) | <0.0001 | 11.7 | 69.2 (60.9–77.6) | <0.0001 | 8.4 | 50.9 (43.2–58.3) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 90.4 | 30.0 (28.2–31.8) | 88.3 | 39.6 (36.3–43.0) | 91.6 | 24.6 (22.6–26.5) | |||
| Self-rated health general health status | |||||||||
| Fair or poor | 14.8 | 31.2 (29.48–33.1) | <0.0001 | 12.2 | 52.1 (42.0–62.2) | 0.0553 | 16.3 | 37.2 (32.4–42.1) | <0.0001 |
| Good to excellent | 85.2 | 41.8 (37.1–46.4) | 87.8 | 41.83 (38.5–45.2) | 83.7 | 24.7 (22.7–26.8) | |||
| BMI | |||||||||
| Normal | 38.7 | 32.6 (29.8–35.4) | 0.015 | 45.8 | 49.3(36.2–62.4) | 0.16 | 34.6 | 25.7 (22.6–28.7) | 0.046 |
| Overweight | 29.8 | 29.2 (26.2–32.3) | 29.8 | 41.5(36.9–46.2) | 31.4 | 24.1 (20.8–27.3) | |||
| Obese | 23.9 | 35.8 (32.2–39.5) | 20.2 | 39.6(33.4–45.7) | 26.0 | 29.8 (25.7–34.0) | |||
| no data | 7.6 | 38.1 (31.5–44.7) | 5.0 | 49.08(41.8–56.3) | 8.0 | 32.3 (25.3–39.3) | |||
| No. children <18 years in home | |||||||||
| 3+ Children | 11.9 | 49.5 (43.7–55.3) | <0.0001 | 28.0 | 49.1 (42.9–55.2) | 0.0662 | 2.5 | 52.3 (35.7–68.8) | <0.0001 |
| 1–2 Children | 26.5 | 38.0 (34.4–41.7) | 46.0 | 40.0 (35.3–44.7) | 15.2 | 34.4 (28.4–40.5) | |||
| 0 Children | 61.6 | 27.3 (25.5–29.3) | 26.0 | 42.1 (35.8–48.4) | 82.4 | 24.6 (22.6–26.6) | |||
| Median travel time to nearest mammography (minutes) | |||||||||
| ≥30 | 2.2 | 37.8 (28.6–47.0) | 0.608 | 1.7 | 49.4 (29.6–69.2) | 0.7799 | 2.5 | 33.3 (23.4–43.2) | 0.6014 |
| 20 to <30 | 3.2 | 38.6 (30.3–46.8) | 3.11 | 52.0 (35.7–68.2) | 3.2 | 30.9 (22.2–39.6) | |||
| 10 to <20 | 13.9 | 33.4 (28.8–38.1) | 14.67 | 39.9 (31.4–48.3) | 13.5 | 29.4 (24.0–34.8) | |||
| 5 to <10 | 47.5 | 32.6 (30.1–35.1) | 47.77 | 44.2 (39.5–48.9) | 47.4 | 25.8 (22.9–28.6) | |||
| <5 | 31.1 | 31.8 (28.8–34.9) | 30.2 | 41.7 (35.8–47.6) | 31.6 | 26.4 (23.0–29.7) | |||
| Unknown | 2.2 | 32.7 (20.9–44.6) | 2.6 | 41.5 (21.9–61.1) | 1.8 | 25.9 (11.1–40.6) | |||
| Geographic accessibility | |||||||||
| 0 to <0.50 (Low) | 3.3 | 32.7 (20.9–44.6) | 0.7482 | 3.1 | 48.2 (35.1–61.2) | 0.8194 | 3.5 | 28.4 (21.5–35.2) | 0.9379 |
| 0.51 to <1.0 | 12.2 | 30.2 (25.4–35.0) | 12.5 | 37.8 (28.5–47.0) | 12.0 | 25.6 (20.3–30.8) | |||
| 1.0 to <1.5 | 43.9 | 32.9 (30.2–35.7) | 47.1 | 43.2 (38.4–48.0) | 42.1 | 26.3 (23.1–29.4) | |||
| 1.5 to <2.0 | 28.5 | 34.0 (30.7–37.3) | 27.3 | 44.57 (38.3–50.8) | 29.1 | 28.2 (24.6–31.8) | |||
| ≥2.0 (High) | 9.9 | 31.0 (26.7–35.3) | 7.5 | 44.0 (34.7–53.4) | 11.4 | 26.0 (21.2–30.8) | |||
| Unknown | 2.2 | 32.7 (20.9–44.6) | 2.5 | 41.5 (21.9–61.1) | 1.9 | 25.9 (11.1–40.5) | |||
| Area of residence | |||||||||
| Urban | 85.3 | 32.5 (30.6–34.4) | 0.4505 | 86.9 | 42.5 (38.9–46.0) | 0.4063 | 84.3 | 26.5 (24.3–28.7) | 0.3355 |
| Rural | 12.7 | 35.2 (31.6–38.8) | 10.5 | 48.8 (41.4–56.3) | 13.9 | 29.2 (25.4–33.0) | |||
| Unknown | 2.1 | 30.2 (19.0–41.1) | 1.5 | 41.1 (21.4–60.8) | 1.8 | 21.0 (9.0–33.0) | |||
a
Utah 2008 and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) respondents with no mammogram within the past 2 years.
b
Weighted percentage.
c
Wald chi-square p-value.
CI, confidence interval.