Table 1.
Characteristics of participants at the time of lung function test (F4 study)
| Total | No COPD | COPD grade 1 | COPD grade 2+ | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
n = 1321 |
n = 1220 |
n = 60 |
n = 41 |
|
| Age (years) |
51.6 (5.7) |
51.6 (5.7) |
50.0 (5.7) |
52.9 (6.3) |
0.04a |
| Female sex |
703 (53.2%) |
648 (53.1%) |
34 (56.7%) |
21 (51.2%) |
0.83b |
| Educational level: |
|
|
|
|
|
| Basic |
635 (48.1%) |
579 (47.5%) |
30 (50.0%) |
26 (63.4%) |
0.16b |
| Secondary |
343 (26.0%) |
318 (26.1%) |
14 (23.3%) |
11 (26.8%) |
|
| High |
343 (26.0%) |
323 (26.5%) |
16 (26.7%) |
4 (9.8%) |
|
| Smoking status: |
|
|
|
|
|
| Never smoker |
477 (36.1%) |
462 (37.9%) |
10 (16.7%) |
5 (12.2%) |
<0.0001b |
| Current smoker |
306 (23.2%) |
264 (21.6%) |
23 (38.3%) |
19 (46.3%) |
|
| Former smoker |
538 (40.7%) |
494 (40.5%) |
27 (45.0%) |
17 (41.5%) |
|
| Body mass index (kg/m2): |
|
|
|
|
|
| Normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) |
455 (34.4%) |
410 (33.6%) |
31 (51.7%) |
14 (34.2%) |
0.11c |
| Underweight (BMI < 18.5) |
4 (0.3%) |
4 (0.3%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0 (0.0%) |
|
| Overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) |
520 (39.4%) |
482 (39.5%) |
21 (35.0%) |
17 (41.5%) |
|
| Obese (BMI > 30) |
342 (25.9%) |
324 (26.6%) |
8 (13.3%) |
10 (24.4%) |
|
| Comorbid conditions: |
|
|
|
|
|
| Heart failure (nmiss = 7) |
15 (1.1%) |
13 (1.1%) |
2 (3.3%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0.22c |
| Myocardial infarction |
22 (1.7%) |
22 (1.8%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0.81c |
| Stroke |
14 (1.1%) |
13 (1.1%) |
1 (1.7%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0.67c |
| Cancer |
62 (4.7%) |
57 (4.7%) |
5 (8.3%) |
0 (0.0%) |
0.16c |
| Diabetes | 50 (3.8%) | 48 (3.9%) | 2 (3.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.57c |
Data are mean (standard deviation) or n (%).
abased on ANOVA bbased on Chi2-test cbased on Fishers exact test.