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. 2014 May 5;210(5):752–761. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu165

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

HIV-1 and HIV-2 at high viral loads induce immune activation in both naive and memory T-cell subsets. Values represent proportion of T-cells coexpressing HLA-DR and CD38, as median, interquartile (box) and range (whiskers) within the following populations: (A) CD4+CD45RA+ and (B) CD8+CD45RA+ “naive” cells; (C) CD4+CD45RA− and (D) CD8+CD45RA− “memory” cells. HIV-2-LV and HIV-2-HV refer to low and high viral load HIV-2-infected subjects. Group differences tested by ANOVA: (A) 0.012, (B) <0.001, (C) 0.059, (D) <0.001; *P < .05 by post hoc (Tukey) test. Hierarchical trend analysis across groups ranked in this order, P < .01 for all cell types. No differences were observed between memory and naive CD4+ T-cells, median values, all subjects, CD45RA+ 4.51% versus CD45RA− 4.30% (P = .554), but in CD8+ cells, activation was greater in memory cells, median CD45RA+: 5.72 versus CD45RA−: 12.8% (P < .0001, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test). Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HIV-2-HV, HIV-2 infected with high viral load (>1000 copies/mL); HIV-2-LV, HIV-2 infected with low viral load (<100 copies/mL); HLA, human leukocyte antigen.