Table 5. Univariable and multivariable analyses of factors associated with responsiveness to high-dose corticosteroids.

	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	OR (95%CI)	p value	OR (95%CI)	p value
Age	0.94 (0.91–0.98)	0.01
ILD not diagnosed previously	2.75 (0.85–8.90)	0.09
ECOG performance status ≥2	0.43 (0.14–1.37)	0.15
Long-term corticosteroid therapy	0.73 (0.23–2.32)	0.60
Invasive mechanical ventilation	0.36 (0.11–1.20)	0.10
Pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension	0.18 (0.05–0.62)	0.01
CT air-space consolidation	1.29 (0.38–4.43)	0.68
CT micronodules	6.30 (0.71–56.3)	0.10
CT interlobular septal thickening	0.62 (0.18–2.17)	0.45
CT ground-glass attenuation	1.50 (0.33–6.88)	0.60
CT traction bronchiectasis and/or honeycombing	0.12 (0.03–0.44)	0.002	0.03 (0.005–0.21)	<0.001
CT pleural effusion	1 (0.27–3.76)	1
BAL cellularity	1 (0.99–1)	0.42
BAL lymphocytosis	5.78 (1.26–26.5)	0.02
BAL polynucleosis	0.60 (0.15–2.34)	0.46
BAL eosinophilia	1.40 (0.12–16.9)	0.79
BAL intra-alveolar haemorrhage	0.89 (0.17–4.7)	0.89
Respiratory SOFA subscore	0.67 (0.37–1.19)	0.17
SOFA score	0.96 (0.82–1.12)	0.62
Shock	0.36 (0.12–1.10)	0.08
Acute kidney injury	0.18 (0.06–0.60)	0.01
Time from hospital admission to first corticosteroid bolus	0.94 (0.88–1)	0.08	0.88 (0.79–0.97)	0.001
Aetiology
Connective tissue disease	0
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (acute ILD)	1.59 (0.26–9.54)	0.60
Acute exacerbation of chronic idiopathic ILD	0.06 (0.01–0.59)	0.02
Toxic	0.19 (0.05–0.82)	0.03

Abbreviations : OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; ILD, interstitial lung disease; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (the performance score can range from 0 [fully active] to 5 [dead]); CT, computed tomography of the chest; BAL, broncho-alveolar lavage; SOFA, Sequential Organ Function Assessment score.