Study |
**Basak et al.47
|
**Edwards et al.58
|
**Kramer et al.14
|
***Ball et al.6
|
Delay |
Immediate |
Immediate |
2 months |
2 years |
Tasks |
Video game to 4 executive/supervisory abilities |
Speed of Processing to Timed IADL Test |
Cancelling and tracking dual task to monitoring and alphabet arithmetic dual tasks |
Speed of Processing to Timed IADL Test |
Sensory modality |
Visual to visual |
Visual to visual |
Visual to visual |
Visual to multiple |
Testing modality |
Response selection to response selection |
Response selection to multiple, including manual manipulation |
Response selection to response selection |
Response selection to multiple, including manual manipulation |
|
Study |
**Buschkeuhl et al.31
|
**Roenker et al.59
|
**Li et al. 30
|
**Roenker et al.59
|
Delay |
Immediate |
Immediate |
3 months |
18 months |
Tasks |
Colored square span to block span and free recall of visual material |
Speed of processing to road sign test |
Spatial 2-back to numerical 2-back and to spatial 3-back and simple RT |
Speed of Processing to Road Sign Test, on-road driving test |
Sensory modality |
Visual to visual |
Visual to visual |
Visual to visual |
Visual to visual |
Testing modality |
Recall to recall |
Response selection to multiple, including turning and braking |
Recognition to recognition |
Response selection to multiple, including turning and braking |
|
Study |
**Jennings et al. 26
|
**Smith et al. 12
|
|
**Roenker et al.59
|
Delay |
Immediate |
Immediate |
|
18 months |
Tasks |
Lagged recognition to N-back, pointing, source recognition |
Speeded discrimination and working memory span to neuropsychological memory and working memory tests |
|
Speed of processing to road sign test, on-road driving test |
Sensory modality |
Visual to visual |
Auditory to auditory |
|
Visual to visual |
Testing modality |
Recognition to recognition |
Recognition to recall |
|
Response selection to multiple, including turning and braking |
|
Study |
**Kramer et al.16
|
|
|
*Willis et al.25
|
Delay |
Immediate |
|
|
5 years |
Tasks |
Monitoring and alphabet arithmetic dual tasks to paired associates and scheduling dual tasks |
|
|
Reasoning to IADLs |
Sensory modality |
Visual to visual |
|
|
Visual to multiple |
Testing modality |
Response selection to response selection |
|
|
Response selection to endorsement of impairments |
|
Study |
**Li et al.30
|
|
|
***Wolinsky et al.60
|
Delay |
Immediate |
|
|
2 years |
Tasks |
Spatial 2-back to numerical 2-back and to spatial 3-back and simple RT |
|
|
Speed of processing to SF 36 ratings |
Sensory modality |
Visual to visual |
|
|
Visual to multiple |
Testing modality |
Recognition to recognition |
|
|
Response selection to rating |